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Carnot, Sadi
Carnot, SadiFRENCH PHYSICIST AND ENGINEER Nicolas-Léonard-Sadi Carnot was born in 1796 in Paris. He is known as the father of thermodynamics. Originally a military engineer, he developed a keen interest in industry and especially the steam engine. He took a leave of absence from the military to devote more time to pursuing these interests. Carnot published only one work in his lifetime—an essay that detailed the industrial, political, and economic importance of the steam engine. This essay also introduced the concept of the ideal steam engine and reported on the factors involved in the production of mechanical energy from heat. Carnot used the analogy of a waterfall to understand the ideal steam engine, positing that, as height and quantity of water determine the power of a waterfall, temperature drop and quantity of heat determine the power of a steam engine. Although his theory was not completely accurate, Carnot did make the correct observation that the power produced in a steam engine is dependent on a change in temperature. Carnot died of cholera at a relatively young age, and this effectively ended the study of thermodynamics for almost two decades. It was not until 1850, when the English physicist William Thomson confirmed some of Carnot's theories, that his ideas on thermodynamics were more broadly applied. In fact, both the first and second laws of thermodynamics can be derived by extending Carnot's early theories. see also Thermodynamics. Lydia S. Scratch BibliographyIhde, Aaron John (1964). The Development of Modern Chemistry. New York: Dover. Internet ResourcesFoundation of France. "Carnot Foundation." Available from <http://www.carnot.org>. |
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Scratch, Lydia S.. "Carnot, Sadi." Chemistry: Foundations and Applications. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. Scratch, Lydia S.. "Carnot, Sadi." Chemistry: Foundations and Applications. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3400900087.html Scratch, Lydia S.. "Carnot, Sadi." Chemistry: Foundations and Applications. 2004. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3400900087.html |
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Sadi Carnot
Sadi Carnot , 1837–94, French statesman, president of the Third Republic (1887–94); son of Hippolyte Carnot. As minister of public works (1880–85) and of finance (1886), he remained untainted by the financial scandals of the time. He succeeded Jules Grévy in the presidency; his tenure was disturbed by the agitation for General Boulanger and by the Panama Canal scandal, concerning bribery of public officials. He was assassinated by an Italian anarchist. Jean Paul Pierre Casimir-Périer succeeded him. |
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"Sadi Carnot." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Sadi Carnot." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Carnot-S.html "Sadi Carnot." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Carnot-S.html |
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Carnot, (Marie François) Sadi
Carnot, (Marie François) Sadi (1837–94) French statesman, political leader, president of the Third Republic (1887–94). After quashing the anti-republican movement, he successfully defended the regime during the Panama Canal scandal (1892). He was stabbed to death by an Italian anarchist.
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"Carnot, (Marie François) Sadi." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Carnot, (Marie François) Sadi." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-CarnotMarieFranoisSadi.html "Carnot, (Marie François) Sadi." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-CarnotMarieFranoisSadi.html |
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