Richard Olney

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Richard Olney

Richard Olney 1835-1917, American cabinet member, b. Oxford, Mass. He was a successful Boston lawyer and had served briefly in the state legislature before President Cleveland appointed him to his cabinet. As Attorney General (1893-95), he obtained an injunction against the strikers in the Pullman strike of 1894; under it Eugene V. Debs was held in contempt of court. Olney also persuaded Cleveland to send in troops to break the strike, ostensibly to prevent interference with the mails, although Gov. John P. Altgeld declared troops unnecessary. In 1895, Olney became Secretary of State. He played a vigorous part in the negotiations with the British over the Venezuela Boundary Dispute . In the course of the talks he stated flatly that the United States is "practically sovereign on this continent, and its fiat is law upon the subjects to which it confines its interposition." This principle was later supported by Theodore Roosevelt as a corollary of the Monroe Doctrine .

Bibliography: See biography by H. James (1923, repr. 1971); study by G. G. Eggert (1974).

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Olney, Richard

The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States | 2005 | | Â© The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Olney, Richard (b. Oxford, Mass., 15 Sept. 1835; d. 8 Apr. 1917), lawyer and statesman. A noted New England railroad lawyer, Richard Olney served from 1893 to 1895 as U.S. attorney general, and as secretary of state from 1895 to 1897. In In re Debs (1895), the Supreme court upheld an injunction that Olney had sought to break the 1894 Pullman Strike. Because of his sympathy to big business, Olney failed to employ the 1890 Sherman Antitrust Act aggressively to break up the sugar trust (United States v. E.C. Knight, 1895). Olney argued the government's position in the income tax cases, *Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Company (1895).

John W. Johnson

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KERMIT L. HALL. "Olney, Richard." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. Oxford University Press. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 5 Jul. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

KERMIT L. HALL. "Olney, Richard." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. Oxford University Press. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (July 5, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O184-OlneyRichard.html

KERMIT L. HALL. "Olney, Richard." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. Oxford University Press. 2005. Retrieved July 05, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O184-OlneyRichard.html

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