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Platt Amendment
Platt Amendment (1901).In 1901, U.S. Senator Orville Platt introduced an amendment to the U.S. Army appropriations bill specifying several conditions for the American military evacuation of Cuba. The two key provisions of the Platt Amendment, first proposed by Secretary of War Elihu Root, required that Cuba cede territory for American military and naval bases and also grant the United States the right to intervene in the island to preserve order, life, property, and liberty. In Congress, even proponents of Cuban independence like Senators Joseph Foraker and George Hoar supported the amendment, which President William McKinley signed into law on 2 March. In early June, the Cuban Constitutional Convention acceded to American demands, and the amendment came to regulate Cuban‐American relations until it was abrogated in 1934.
The Platt Amendment addressed a fundamental problem for the expanding United States. In 1898, the U.S. government had pledged under the Teller Amendment to withdraw from Cuba once Spain had been defeated in the Spanish‐American War. But after the U.S. military victory, Washington wished to maintain the strategic gains of 1898 and did not trust the Cubans to establish a government friendly to American interests. The Platt Amendment resolved this contradiction by in essence making Cuba a U.S. protectorate. However, the amendment also poisoned Cuban‐American relations and encouraged U.S. expansionism in the Americas in the early twentieth century. [See also Caribbean and Latin America, U.S. Military Involvement in the.] Bibliography David F. Healy , The United States in Cuba, 1898–1902: Generals, Politicians, and the Search for Policy, 1963. John Lawrence Tone |
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John Whiteclay Chambers II. "Platt Amendment." The Oxford Companion to American Military History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. John Whiteclay Chambers II. "Platt Amendment." The Oxford Companion to American Military History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O126-PlattAmendment.html John Whiteclay Chambers II. "Platt Amendment." The Oxford Companion to American Military History. 2000. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O126-PlattAmendment.html |
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Platt Amendment
PLATT AMENDMENTPLATT AMENDMENT, a rider attached to the army appropriations bill of 1901. It made Cuba essentially a protectorate of the United States until 1934. The amendment began as a series of eight articles drafted by Secretary of War Elihu Root in 1901 as guidelines for United States–Cuba relations. Congress passed the amendment, sponsored by Senator Orville Hitchcock Platt of Connecticut, in an attempt to address the relations between Cuba and the United States in the shadow of the U.S. occupation of postwar Cuba. After Spanish troops left Cuba in 1898 at the end of the Spanish-American War, the United States occupied Cuba until the provisions of the amendment were incorporated into the Cuban constitution in 1902. The Cuban convention was resistant to passage, and it was only under the threat of continued U.S. occupation that it agreed to accept the amendment, on 13 June 1901. On 22 May 1903, the articles were written into a formal treaty. The terms of the amendment allowed the United States "the right to intervene for the preservation of Cuban independence, the maintenance of a government adequate for the protection of life, property, and individual liberty." The amendment also permitted the United States to lease lands for the establishment of a naval base in Cuba. The amendment was abrogated on 28 May 1934. BIBLIOGRAPHYPérez, Louis A., Jr. Cuba under the Platt Amendment, 1902–1934. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1986. Suchlicki, Jaime. Cuba: From Columbus to Castro and Beyond. Washington, D.C.: Brassey's, 2002. Shira M.Diner See alsoCuba, Relations with ; Spanish-American War . |
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"Platt Amendment." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Platt Amendment." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401803287.html "Platt Amendment." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401803287.html |
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Platt Amendment
Platt Amendment an amendment signed by President William McKinley on March 2, 1901 to specify conditions for the removal of U.S. troops from Cuba. Proposed by Secretary of War Elihu Root and presented to the Senate by Sen. Orville H. Platt, it required that Cuba cede land for U.S. military and naval bases, allow U.S. intervention to preserve Cuban independence, and agree not to transfer land to any other power. Cuba incorporated the provisions into its constitution, and the amendment regulated Cuban-American relations until it was abrogated in 1934.
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"Platt Amendment." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Platt Amendment." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-PlattAmendment.html "Platt Amendment." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-PlattAmendment.html |
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Platt Amendment
Platt Amendment (1901) US legislation effectively making Cuba a US protectorate after the Spanish-American War. It was included in the Cuban constitution of 1901, and provided the legal basis for the US occupation of Cuba (1906–09). It was repealed in 1934, although the USA retained the right to maintain its naval base on Guantánamo Bay.
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"Platt Amendment." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Platt Amendment." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-PlattAmendment.html "Platt Amendment." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-PlattAmendment.html |
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Platt Amendment
Platt Amendment see Platt, Orville Hitchcock . |
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"Platt Amendment." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Platt Amendment." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-PlattAme.html "Platt Amendment." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-PlattAme.html |
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Platt Amendment
Platt Amendment, see Cuba
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JAN PALMOWSKI. "Platt Amendment." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JAN PALMOWSKI. "Platt Amendment." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-PlattAmendment.html JAN PALMOWSKI. "Platt Amendment." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-PlattAmendment.html |
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