Oslo

Oslo , city (1995 pop. 482,555), capital of Norway, of Akershus co., and of Oslo co. (175 sq mi/453 sq km), SE Norway, at the head of the Oslofjord (a deep inlet of the Skagerrak). Oslo is Norway's largest city, its main port, and its chief commercial, industrial, communication, and transportation center. Manufactures include ships, processed food, textiles, forest products, machines. It has a significant electrotechnical, graphics, and printing industry. Founded c.1050 by Harold III, Oslo became (1299) the national capital. In the 14th cent. it came under the dominance of the Hanseatic League . After a great fire (1624), the city was rebuilt by Christian IV and was renamed Christiania (or Kristiania); in 1925 the name Oslo again became official. The city's modern growth dates from the late 19th cent., when it also replaced Bergen as the main city in Norway. In World War II, Oslo fell (Apr. 9, 1940) to the Germans, and it was occupied until the surrender (May, 1945) of the German forces in Norway. The neighboring industrial commune of Aker was incorporated into Oslo in 1948. Today, Oslo is a modern city in design and construction, and its government has fostered contemporary art in a number of impressive public projects. Among these are the 150 sculptural groups by Gustav Vigeland in the famous Frogner Park. The city's chief public buildings include the royal palace (1848), the Storting (parliament), and the city hall (1950), which was decorated by many Norwegian artists. Surviving medieval structures include the Akerskirke (12th cent.) and the Akershus fortress (13th cent.), and there are ruins of the Cathedral of St. Hallvard, the first cathedral of Oslo. The Univ. of Oslo (founded 1811), the national theater (1899), the national gallery, the national opera house, a Nobel Institute, and a college of architecture are among the city's cultural institutions. In addition, the Folk Museum has reconstructions of old Norwegian timber houses and of a 12th-century stave church, and the Kon-Tiki Museum has mementos of Thor Heyerdahl's trip (1947) across the Pacific Ocean. The forested hills surrounding Oslo are popular excursion points; the annual Holmenkollen ski meet nearby attracts an international group of skiers. The 1952 Olympic winter games were held at Oslo. Drøbak, further south on the Oslofjord, is a winter port of Oslo and a summer resort.

Oslo Capital of Norway, se Norway. Founded in the mid-11th century and largely destroyed by fire in 1624, Christian IV rebuilt the city, naming it Christiania. In 1905, it became the capital of independent Norway. It acquired the name Oslo in 1925. Industries: machinery, wood products, textiles, chemicals, shipbuilding. Pop. (2000) 507,467.

Oslo, Norway, USA Ansloga, Christiania, Kristiania (Norway) Norway: founded c.1050 as Ansloga which may have had an association with the Scandinavian god Às. The city was burnt down in 1624 and rebuilt further to the west. At this time it was renamed Christiania after Christian IV (1577–1648), King of Denmark and Norway (1588–1648). The spelling was modified in 1877. The city adopted its present name, a modern version of its medieval name, in 1925. It lies at the head of a fjord and this may be represented by os ‘mouth’ with lo ‘field’. It has been the capital in c.1300–97 and since 1814.