Ancient History, Greece

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. A Dictionary of Zoology Further reading

Olynthus

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2008 | Copyright

Olynthus , ancient city of Greece, on the peninsula of Chalcidice (now Khalkidhikí), NE of Potidaea. A league of Chalcidic cities grew up in the late 5th cent. BC, and Olynthus, as the head of this Chalcidian League, vigorously opposed the threats of Athens and Sparta. Athens captured the city and held it for a brief time. In 379 BC, Sparta defeated Olynthus and dissolved the league, which was, however, re-formed after the fall of Sparta. Olynthus had been allied with Philip II of Macedon against Athens, but, fearing Philip's power, sought Athenian aid. Philip attacked, and Demosthenes in his Olynthiac orations eloquently urged his fellow Athenians to aid the threatened city. Philip destroyed (348 BC) the city despite Athenian aid. Excavations at Olynthus have revealed the layout of the city.

Bibliography: See M. Gude, A History of Olynthus (1933); D. M. Robinson et al., Excavations at Olynthus (13 vol., 1929-50).

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olynthus

A Dictionary of Zoology | 1999 | | Copyright

olynthus A short-lived stage in the development of some calcareous Porifera, formed when the colony becomes attached to a substrate. It consists of a hollow, vase-shaped body composed of an inner layer of choanocytes and an outer dermal layer. Water enters through pores in the body and leaves through the ‘mouth’ (the osculum) of the ‘vase’.

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MICHAEL ALLABY. "olynthus." A Dictionary of Zoology. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

MICHAEL ALLABY. "olynthus." A Dictionary of Zoology. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O8-olynthus.html

MICHAEL ALLABY. "olynthus." A Dictionary of Zoology. 1999. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O8-olynthus.html

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