|
Search over 100 encyclopedias and dictionaries: |
Research categories | Follow us on Twitter |
Research categories
View all topics in the newsView all reference sources at Encyclopedia.com |
|||
Nagasaki
Nagasaki, Japanese city on which the second operational atomic bomb was dropped (see Hiroshima for the first). Nicknamed ‘Fat Man’ (a reference to Churchill), the bomb, which used plutonium 239, was dropped by parachute at 1102 on 9 August by an American B29 bomber from the Pacific island of Tinian. It measured just under 3.5 m. (11 ft. 4 in.) in length, had the power of 22 kilotons of TNT (see explosives), and weighed 4,050 kg. (nearly 9,000 lb.). The aircraft's first target was the city of Kokura, now part of Kitakyushu, but as it was covered by heavy cloud the aircraft was diverted to its second target, Nagasaki.
Unlike Hiroshima, Nagasaki lies in a series of narrow valleys bordered by mountains in the east and west. The bomb exploded about 500 m. (1,625 ft.) above the ground and directly beneath it (the hypocentre) was a suburb of schools, factories, and private houses. The radius of destruction for reinforced concrete buildings was 750 m. (2,437 ft.), greater than at Hiroshima where the blast caused by the bomb was more vertical. But because of the topography, and despite the Nagasaki bomb being more powerful, only about 6.7 sq. km. (2.6 sq. mi.) of Nagasaki was reduced to ashes compared with 13 sq. km. (5 sq. mi.) of Hiroshima. Of the 51,000 buildings in the city 22.7% were completely destroyed or burnt, with 36.1% escaping any damage. Among the 270,000 people present when the bomb was dropped, about 2,500 were labour conscripts from Korea and 350 were prisoners-of-war. About 73,884 were killed and 74,909 injured, with the affected survivors suffering the same long-term catastrophic results of radiation and mental trauma as at Hiroshima. Bibliography Committee on Damage by Atomic Bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Hiroshima and Nagasaki: The Physical, Medical, and Social Effects of the Atomic Bombings (London, 1981). |
|
|
Cite this article
I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "Nagasaki." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "Nagasaki." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O129-Nagasaki.html I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "Nagasaki." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O129-Nagasaki.html |
|
Nagasaki
Nagasaki , city (1990 pop. 444,599), capital of Nagasaki prefecture, W Kyushu, Japan, on Nagasaki Bay. It is one of Japan's leading ports. Shipbuilding is the chief industry; steelworks, collieries, fisheries, and electrical machinery plants are also important. Nagasaki's port, the first to receive Western trade, was known to Portuguese and Spanish traders before it was opened to the Dutch in 1567. After the Portuguese and Spanish merchants were forced to leave Japan in 1637, the Dutch traders were restricted (1641-1858) to De-shima, an island in the harbor. Nagasaki was gradually reopened to general foreign trade during the 1850s. Long a center of Christianity, the city had until 1945 Japan's largest Roman Catholic cathedral. During World War II, on Aug. 9, 1945, Nagasaki became the target of the second atomic bomb ever detonated on a populated area; about 75,000 people were killed or wounded, and more than one third of the city was devastated. Among Nagasaki's landmarks is Glover Mansion, scene of Puccini's opera Madama Butterfly. Nagasaki prefecture (1990 pop. 1,563,015), 1,574 sq mi (4,077 sq km), is mainly agricultural. Raw-silk production is widespread, and coal is mined near Sasebo. Important cities are Nagasaki, Hirado, known for its fine porcelain ware, and Sasebo, the site of a large naval base. The prefecture includes the island of Goto-retto. |
|
|
Cite this article
"Nagasaki." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Nagasaki." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Nagasaki.html "Nagasaki." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Nagasaki.html |
|
Nagasaki, bombing of
Nagasaki, bombing of The second target for an atomic bomb attack, three days after the Americans bombed HIROSHIMA. A city and port in south-west Japan, on the west coast of the island of Kyushu, its population was 438,724 in 1995. Visited by the Portuguese in 1545, it was the first Japanese port to open up to western trade. The bomb fell on 9 August 1945. While the hilly terrain protected the population of 230,000 from the full effects of the explosion, 40,000 people were killed and tremendous destruction caused. On the following day Japan surrendered and the ceasefire began on 15 August, the official surrender finally being signed on 2 September. Nagasaki now specializes in shipbuilding and heavy engineering.
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Nagasaki, bombing of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Nagasaki, bombing of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-Nagasakibombingof.html "Nagasaki, bombing of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-Nagasakibombingof.html |
|
Nagasaki, Bombing of
Nagasaki, Bombing of the second nuclear blast on Japan, somewhat less destructive of human life than in Hiroshima, but nonetheless the last step in forcing Japanese surrender. Nicknamed “Fat Man,” the bomb was dropped by Maj. Charles W. Sweeney at 10:58 A.M., August 9, 1945. Originally a secondary target, Nagasaki lay among hills that prevented higher fatalities than the still terrifying numbers of 35,000 initial dead and 40,000 more fatalities from radiation and injuries. In light of Hiroshima, Nagasaki, and the concurrent Soviet triumph in Manchuria, Emperor Hirohito surrendered on August 14.
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Nagasaki, Bombing of." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Nagasaki, Bombing of." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-NagasakiBombingof.html "Nagasaki, Bombing of." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-NagasakiBombingof.html |
|
Nagasaki
Nagasaki A Japanese port in Kiushu, with a population of around 230,000 in early 1945. It was where the second atomic bomb was dropped by the USA, three days after Hiroshima on 9 August 1945. Its hilly terrain provided some protection from the explosion and radiation, which nevertheless caused around 74,000 deaths. On the following day, Japan offered an unconditional cease-fire, which came into effect on 15 August. Japan's unconditional surrender came into effect on 2 September 1945.
Manhattan Project; nuclear bomb |
|
|
Cite this article
JAN PALMOWSKI. "Nagasaki." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JAN PALMOWSKI. "Nagasaki." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-Nagasaki.html JAN PALMOWSKI. "Nagasaki." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-Nagasaki.html |
|
Nagasaki
Nagasaki Seaport and prefecture on w Kyushu island, sw Japan. In the 16th century, Nagasaki was the first Japanese port to receive Western ships and became a centre of Christian influence. During Japan's isolation (1639–1859) it was the only port open to foreign trade. On August 9, 1945, a US atomic bomb destroyed the inner city, killing more than 70,000 people. Industries: shipbuilding, heavy engineering, fishing, mining. Pop. (2000) 438,635; 1,532,235 (prefecture).
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Nagasaki." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Nagasaki." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Nagasaki.html "Nagasaki." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Nagasaki.html |
|
Nagasaki
Nagasaki, Kyūshū/Japan Langasaque/Nangasaque A prefecture and a city‐port with a name meaning ‘Long Headland’ from naga ‘long’ and saki ‘headland’. The name may, however, have come from an individual, a 13th‐century feudal lord called Kotaro Nagasaki.
|
|
|
Cite this article
JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Nagasaki." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Nagasaki." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Nagasaki.html JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Nagasaki." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Nagasaki.html |
|
Nagasaki
Nagasaki a city and port in SW Japan, on the west coast of Kyushu island. It was the target of the second atom bomb, dropped by the United States on 9 August 1945, which resulted in the deaths of about 75,000 people and devastated one third of the city.
|
|
|
Cite this article
ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Nagasaki." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Nagasaki." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Nagasaki.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Nagasaki." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Nagasaki.html |
|
Nagasaki
Nagasaki •ackee, Bacchae, baccy, cracky, Jackie, lackey, tacky, wacky
•latchkey • talcy
•cranky, Frankie, hanky, hanky-panky, lanky, manky, swanky, wanky, Yankee
•Askey, Pulaski
•Polanski • Blavatsky • Stanislavsky
•ticky-tacky
•Iraqi, Kawasaki, khaki, larky, malarkey, menarche, Nagasaki, narky, parky, raki, saké, saki, sarky, souvlaki, sparky, sukiyaki, teriyaki
•passkey
•matriarchy, patriarchy
•diarchy • oligarchy • synarchy
•hierarchy
•Becky, recce, techie
•Elkie • Palenque
•Esky, pesky
•Dostoevsky, Paderewski
•achy, Blakey, flaky, quaky, shaky, snaky, wakey-wakey
•headachy
•beaky, cheeky, cliquey, cock-a-leekie, creaky, freaky, Geikie, Kon-Tiki, Leakey, leaky, peaky, reeky, sleeky, sneaky, squeaky, streaky, Thessaloníki, tiki, tzatziki
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Nagasaki." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Nagasaki." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Nagasaki.html "Nagasaki." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Nagasaki.html |
|
|
Search over 100 encyclopedias and dictionaries:
HighBeam™ Research, Inc. © Copyright 2012. All rights reserved.
The Encyclopedia.com advertising network includes:
