Mary II

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Mary II

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | 2008 | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Mary II 1662-94, queen of England, wife of William III . The daughter of James II by his first wife, Anne Hyde, she was brought up a Protestant despite her father's adoption of Roman Catholicism. In 1677 she married her cousin William of Orange and went with him to Holland. She returned to England after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and was proclaimed joint sovereign with her husband in 1689, though she actually ruled only during his absences. Although she was relatively popular with the Dutch and English peoples, she led an unhappy life because of the political conflicts between her husband, her father, and her sister Anne. She sided faithfully with her husband.

Bibliography: See biographies by H. W. Chapman (1953, repr. 1972) and E. Hamilton (1972); R. P. MacCubbin and M. Hamilton-Phillips, ed., The Age of William III and Mary II (1988).

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Mary II

World Encyclopedia | 2005 | © World Encyclopedia 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Mary II (1662–94) Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland, eldest daughter of James II. Despite her father's conversion to Catholicism, Mary was brought up a Protestant. In 1677, she married her cousin, William of Orange, and moved to Holland. The Glorious Revolution (1688–89) resulted in the exile of James II, and she and her husband were invited to assume the English throne as Mary II and William III (of Orange).

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