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Mari
Mari , ancient city of Mesopotamia (modern Syria). It is on the middle Euphrates, south of its junction with the Habor (Khabur). The site was discovered by chance in the early 1930s by Arabs digging graves and has subsequently been excavated by the French. The earliest evidence of habitation goes back to the Jemdet Nasr period in the 3d millennium BC, and Mari remained prosperous throughout the early dynastic period. The temple of Ishtar and other works of art show that Mari was at this time an artistic center with a highly developed style of its own. As the commercial and political focus of W Asia c.1800 BC, its power extended over 300 mi (480 km) from the frontier of Babylon proper, up the Euphrates, to the border of Syria. The inhabitants were referred to as Amorites in the Old Testament and spoke a language related to the Hebrew of the patriarchs. The archives of the great King Zimri-lim, a contemporary of Hammurabi in the 18th cent. BC, were discovered in 1937. They contain over 20,000 clay documents, which have made it possible to fix the dates of events in Mesopotamia in the 2d millennium BC Also found at Mari is the great palace complex of Zimri-lim consisting of more than 200 rooms and covering 5 acres (2 hectares). Hammurabi conquered Mari c.1700 BC, and Babylon then became the center of W Asia. Mari never regained its former status. |
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"Mari." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Mari." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Mari.html "Mari." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Mari.html |
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Mary
Mary, Turkmenistan Alexandria Margiana, Antiochia Margiana, Mouru, Merv Nineteen miles (30 km) west of the ruined ancient oasis city of Merv, which was founded by, and originally named after, Alexander III the Great†. Alexander appointed Antiochus, a general who served both his father, Philip II of Macedonia, and himself, to rule the city. Antiochus rebuilt it and called it Antiochia Margiana. The present and former names, including the Persian Mouru, all evolved from the original Margiana. In the 11th and 12th centuries it was the Seljuk Turk capital when it was regarded as the second greatest city, after Baghdad, in the Islamic world; it was known as Marvishahjahan ‘Merv, Queen of the World’. The modern city was founded in 1884 when the ancient city was annexed by the Russians. However, they did not want to live close to the Turkmen so they built a new township, although they adopted the name Merv for it until 1937. The Turkmen settlement of Merv was renamed Bayram Ali (or Baýramaly) in 1884. The surrounding area now constitutes the province of Mary.
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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Mary." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Mary." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Mary.html JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Mary." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Mary.html |
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Mary
Mary or Mari , city (1991 pop. 94,900), capital of Mary region, SE Turkmenistan. Lying in a large oasis of the Kara Kum desert, on the Murgab River delta, Mary is the center of a rich cotton-growing area. It is a rail junction and carries on extensive trade in cotton, wool, grain, and hides. Mary is also a major center of the natural gas industry. Mary arose in 1884 as a Russian military-administrative center c.20 mi (30 km) from the site of ancient Merv and was itself called Merv until 1937. |
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Cite this article
"Mary." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Mary." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-MaryTur.html "Mary." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-MaryTur.html |
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Mari
Mari. A Mesopotamian centre of the 3rd millennium BCE. Important documentary finds at Mari have added extensively to our understanding of the organization of early Israelite society, including indications of functionaries resembling prophets.
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JOHN BOWKER. "Mari." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN BOWKER. "Mari." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Mari.html JOHN BOWKER. "Mari." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Mari.html |
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Mari
Mari Ancient city on River Euphrates. Between 1933 and 1955 20,000 tablets in Akkadian language were found. They date from the 2nd millennium BCE and give information about the surrounding culture in the time of the OT patriarchs of Gen.
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W. R. F. BROWNING. "Mari." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. W. R. F. BROWNING. "Mari." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O94-Mari.html W. R. F. BROWNING. "Mari." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O94-Mari.html |
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Mari
Mari ♀ (Japanese) version of the English name Mary.
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PATRICK HANKS, KATE HARDCASTLE, and FLAVIA HODGES. "Mari." A Dictionary of First Names. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. PATRICK HANKS, KATE HARDCASTLE, and FLAVIA HODGES. "Mari." A Dictionary of First Names. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O41-Mari.html PATRICK HANKS, KATE HARDCASTLE, and FLAVIA HODGES. "Mari." A Dictionary of First Names. 2006. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O41-Mari.html |
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Mari
Mari ♀ (Welsh) equivalent of Mary; compare Mair.
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Cite this article
PATRICK HANKS, KATE HARDCASTLE, and FLAVIA HODGES. "Mari." A Dictionary of First Names. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. PATRICK HANKS, KATE HARDCASTLE, and FLAVIA HODGES. "Mari." A Dictionary of First Names. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O41-Mari1.html PATRICK HANKS, KATE HARDCASTLE, and FLAVIA HODGES. "Mari." A Dictionary of First Names. 2006. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O41-Mari1.html |
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Mari
Mari city, Turkmenistan: see Mary . |
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Cite this article
"Mari." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Mari." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-MariTrkmn.html "Mari." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-MariTrkmn.html |
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Mari
Mari •Barry, Carrie, carry, Cary, Clarrie, Gary, glengarry, harry, intermarry, Larry, marry, miscarry, parry, tarry
•angry • chapelry • cavalry • lamprey
•Crabtree
•gantry, pantry
•Langtry • polyandry
•askari, Bari, Cagliari, calamari, Campari, charivari, curare, Ferrari, Harare, Kalahari, Mari, Mata Hari, Qatari, Rastafari, safari, sari, Scutari, shikari, sparry, starry, Stradivari, tamari, terramare, Vasari, Zanzibari
•compadre • chantry
•beriberi, berry, bury, Ceri, cherry, Derry, ferry, Gerry, jerry, Kerry, merry, perry, Pondicherry, sherry, terry, very, wherry
•débris • Hendry • Geoffrey • belfry
•devilry, revelry
•Henri, henry
•peltry
•entry, gentry, sentry
•pedantry
•peasantry, pheasantry, pleasantry
•vestry • every • elderberry
•checkerberry • whortleberry
•chokecherry • daredevilry
•Londonderry • knobkerrie
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Cite this article
"Mari." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Mari." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Mari.html "Mari." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Mari.html |
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