South African Political Geography

The Columbia Encyclopedia,... Concise Dictionary of World... World Encyclopedia The Columbia Encyclopedia,... Further reading

KwaZulu-Natal

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

KwaZulu-Natal , province (1995 est. pop. 8,713,000), 33,578 sq mi (86,967 sq km), E South Africa, on the Indian Ocean. Formerly Natal province, in the constitution of 1994 it was renamed KwaZulu-Natal.

Land and People

The province has two capitals, Pietermaritzburg and Ulundi ; the largest city is Durban . The province is bounded on the north by Mozambique, Swaziland, and Mpumalanga and on the west by Free State, Lesotho, and Eastern Cape; a small portion of Eastern Cape also forms an enclave in S Natal. The province rises from a narrow (except in the north) coastal belt to an inland region fringed in the west by the Drakensberg Range, whose highest point in Natal is c.11,200 ft (3,410 m). The Tugela River flows west to east across the center of the province.

Sugar refining is the main industry. Sheep, cattle, citrus fruits, corn, sorghum, cotton, bananas, and pineapples are also raised. Industries, located mainly in and around Durban, include (besides sugar refineries) textile, clothing, rubber, fertilizer, paper, and food-processing plants, tanneries, and oil refineries. There large aluminum-smelting plants at Richards Bay, on the central coast. The province produces considerable coal (especially coking coal) and timber. It has a good rail network; Durban is one of South Africa's major ports. About 75% of the population is black. During apartheid, a large percentage were forced to live in Bantu homelands (Bantustans), which had a subsistence economy based on cattle raising and corn growing. The main institutions of higher education are the Univ. of Natal (Durban and Pietermaritzburg) and the Univ. of Durban. Natal National Park in the Drakensberg Range includes falls (c.2,800 ft/850 m) of the Tugela River.

History

In the early 19th cent. the area was inhabited primarily by Bantu-speaking Zulu people. In the 1820s and 30s the British acquired much of Natal from the Zulu chiefs Shaka and Dingane. Afrikaner farmers ( Boers ) arrived (see Trek, Great ) in 1837 and, after battles with the Zulu (notably the Boer victory over Dingane at Blood River in 1838), established (1838–39) a republic. In 1843, Britain annexed Natal to Cape Colony, and a Boer exodus followed. In 1856, Natal became a separate colony. Sugarcane cultivation began c.1860, and many Indians (mostly indentured laborers) came to work in the sugar industry. Many Indians remained in Natal after their indenture expired; by 1900 they outnumbered whites. In 1893, Natal was given internal self-government; in 1910 it became a founding province of the Union (now Republic) of South Africa. In the 1980s and early 1990s, KwaZulu-Natal was wracked by conflict between the African National Congress and the Zulu-nationalist Inkatha Freedom Party, under the leadership of Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi ; fighting has since diminished.

Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.

MLA
Chicago
APA

"KwaZulu-Natal." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"KwaZulu-Natal." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-KwazulNtl.html

"KwaZulu-Natal." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-KwazulNtl.html

Learn more about citation styles

KwaZulu‐Natal

Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names | 2005 | | Copyright

KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa A province created in 1994 from the former province of Natal and the former Zulu homeland of KwaZulu. This was a tribal homeland (known as a bantustan) granted internal self‐government in 1977; until 1972, when the name KwaZulu was adopted, it was known as Zululand ‘Land of the Zulu’ named after one of the clan's founding ancestors; his name is said to mean ‘sky’. Kwa is a Zulu word signifying ‘at’ or ‘in (the place of)’. See Natal and Zululand.

Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.

MLA
Chicago
APA

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "KwaZulu‐Natal." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "KwaZulu‐Natal." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-KwaZuluNatal.html

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "KwaZulu‐Natal." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-KwaZuluNatal.html

Learn more about citation styles

KwaZulu-Natal

World Encyclopedia | 2005 | Copyright

KwaZulu-Natal Province in e South Africa, bordered by the Indian Ocean and the Drakensberg Mountains; the capital is Pietermaritzburg. It was created in 1994 from the Zulu homeland, KwaZulu, and the former province of Natal. Industries: sugar refining; textiles, tanning and oil refining. Area: 92,180sq km (33,578sq mi). Pop. (2000 est.) 9,070,458.

http://www.kzn.org.za/kzn/

Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.

MLA
Chicago
APA

"KwaZulu-Natal." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"KwaZulu-Natal." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-KwaZuluNatal.html

"KwaZulu-Natal." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-KwaZuluNatal.html

Learn more about citation styles

KwaZulu

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

KwaZulu South Africa: see KwaZulu-Natal ; Zululand .

Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.

MLA
Chicago
APA

"KwaZulu." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"KwaZulu." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-E-KwaZulu.html

"KwaZulu." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-E-KwaZulu.html

Learn more about citation styles

KwaZulu

Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes | 2007 | Copyright

KwaZulu •Yalu • igloo • Oulu •Honolulu, KwaZulu, lulu, Zulu •Pagalu • Angelou • ormolu •superglue • curlew

Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.

MLA
Chicago
APA

"KwaZulu." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"KwaZulu." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-KwaZulu.html

"KwaZulu." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-KwaZulu.html

Learn more about citation styles

Free newspaper and magazine articles

	The province: graduate from school of hard knocks.(Special Report:... Magazine article from: African Business; 11/1/1997
	Investment: dynamite is being unleashed.(Special Report: KwaZulu-Natal: South... Magazine article from: African Business; 11/1/1997
	KWAZULU NATAL.(economic diversity a model for the rest of South Africa)(Brief... Magazine article from: African Business; 4/1/2001