John III (Portugal)

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John III

John III (John the Fortunate), 1502-57, king of Portugal (1521-57), son of Manuel I . His reign saw the Portuguese empire at its apogee. The great Asian possessions were extended by further conquest, and systematic colonization of Brazil was begun. However, in Portugal itself decadence had set in with the decline of both agriculture and the population. Portugal's African exploits were abandoned, but many black slaves were brought into the country. The Inquisition was introduced (1536) by John, who was devoted to the clerical party. The court was corrupt, though the king was not. Literature flourished early in his reign, but Portugal was falling into the stagnation that characterized the disastrous reign of Sebastian, who succeeded him.

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John III

A Dictionary of World History | 2000 | Â© A Dictionary of World History 2000, originally published by Oxford University Press 2000. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

John III (or John the Pious) (1502–57) King of Portugal (1521–57). He encouraged Portuguese settlement in Brazil, claimed the Moluccas, and supported the INQUISITION.

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John III

World Encyclopedia | 2005 | Â© World Encyclopedia 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

John III (1502–57) King of Portugal (1521–57). John's reign marked the climax of Portuguese expansion, including the colonization of Brazil, but the Empire began to decline by its end. He introduced (1536) the Inquisition into Portugal and generally favoured clerical, particularly Jesuit, interests.

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