German Literature: Biographies

A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Further reading

Fischer, Johann Michael

A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture | 2000 | | Copyright

Fischer, Johann Michael (1692–1766). Important architect responsible for thirty-two churches, twenty-three monasteries, and many secular buildings in Bavaria in the Rococo style. His Benedictine Abbey Churches of Zwiefalten (1741–64) and Ottobeuren (1748–68) are his masterworks, with two of the most frothy and exquisite Rococo interiors in all Germany (stucco-work by J. M. Feichtmayr (1696–1772) ), but each shows a powerful command of architectural form that is not lost in a welter of ornament. He fused longitudinal axes with central spaces at Rott-am-Inn (1759–63) and Berg-am-Laim (1738–51), and created a series of interpenetrating volumes each formed on elliptical or circular plans at Ottobeuren. At Zwiefalten, wall-piers define the chapels, transepts flank the crossing-dome, and choir and sanctuary are set in an elongated space beyond the crossing: galleries sway out into the nave between the pairs of engaged scagliola columns. Other works include the churches at Altomünster (1763–6); Diessen (1732–9—with high-altar by Cuvilliés); Fürstenzell (1739–48); and Osterhofen (1726–40—with decorations by the Asam brothers). Without exception, his churches are worthy of the closest study.

Bibliography

Bourke (1962);
Dischinger & Peter (eds.) (1995, 1997);
Hitchcock (1968a);
Lieb (1982)

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JAMES STEVENS CURL. "Fischer, Johann Michael." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 9 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JAMES STEVENS CURL. "Fischer, Johann Michael." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (February 9, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O1-FischerJohannMichael.html

JAMES STEVENS CURL. "Fischer, Johann Michael." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Retrieved February 09, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O1-FischerJohannMichael.html

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Johann Peter Eckermann

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2008 | Copyright

Johann Peter Eckermann , 1792-1854, German scholar and author. He assisted Goethe in various literary labors, was professor of English and German at the Univ. of Jena, and later was librarian at Weimar. His Conversations with Goethe (1836-48, tr. 1850), which quotes the poet at length, is an invaluable biographical document.

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"Johann Peter Eckermann." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 9 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Johann Peter Eckermann." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 9, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Eckerman.html

"Johann Peter Eckermann." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 09, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Eckerman.html

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