Johann Friedrich Bottger

Johann Friedrich Böttger , 1682-1719, German chemist and originator of Dresden china. When the Swedish invasion of Saxony occurred (1706), Böttger and his aides were removed from Dresden to protect the secret of the process. He developed a variety of glazes, including black and a delicate violet, later much used. He made use of silver and gold in the decoration. His potteries were under royal patronage, and he was made director of the extensive works in 1708. He perfected white porcelain in 1715. The following year he was imprisoned because of an attempt to sell his secret.

Eyserbeck, Johann Friedrich (1734–1818). German landscape-gardener. He is known primarily for his work at the Park of Schloss Wörlitz, near Dessau, one of the most important and beautiful gardens of allusion of the C18 Enlightenment, designed for the Prince of Anhalt-Dessau in collaboration with Erdmannsdorff, and the gardeners Ludwig Schoch and Johann Georg Schoch. The Park with its fabriques was exemplary and mnemonic in intention, with its series of allusions, including an iron bridge based on the original by T. F. Pritchard in Salop. (1775–9), a Rousseauinsel (Rousseau-Island) based on the Île des Peupliers (Isle of Poplars) at Ermenonville, France, and a Synagogue (to demonstrate freedom from bigotry).

Bibliography

R. Alex (ed.) (1986, 1988);
Garden History, xxiv/2 (1996), 221–36;
Kleinschmidt & and Bufe (1997)

Burgmüller, Johann Friedrich (b Regensburg, 1806; d Beaulieu, Fr., 1874). Ger. composer remembered chiefly for his mus. for the ballet La Péri and for pf. studies for children. His father, Johann August Franz Burgmüller (1766–1824), founded the Lower Rhine Mus. Fest. in Düsseldorf in 1818.