Gregory XIII

Gregory XIII 1502-85, pope (1572-85), an Italian named Ugo Buoncompagni, b. Bologna; successor of St. Pius V. He is best known for his work on the calendar , and the reformed calendar, the Gregorian, is named for him. He was prominent at the Council of Trent (1545, 1559-63; see Trent, Council of ) and in the work of reform thereafter. He was created (1564) cardinal and later was legate to Spain. As pope, Gregory's absorbing interests were the education of the clergy and the conversion of Protestants. He especially patronized the Jesuits, whom he encouraged on their many missions, particularly in N Europe and in Japan. He proposed the deposition of Queen Elizabeth of England, and he advocated no compromise with German Protestants. He has been much criticized for a public thanksgiving at Rome for the massacre of Saint Bartholomew's Day , but he had been told that it was the suppression of a rebellion. He issued a new edition of the canon law. He was succeeded by Sixtus V.

Gregory XIII (1502–85), Pope from 1572. His pontificate was notable for its pro-Spanish temporal policy and its vigorous promotion of the Counter-Reformation. He was committed to implementing the decrees of the Council of Trent, and established numerous seminaries, entrusting many of them to the Jesuits, who also received from him a monopoly of missions to China and Japan. He approved St Philip Neri's Oratorians (1575) and the Discalced Carmelites (1580). He also promulgated the Gregorian Calendar.

Gregory XIII (1502–85) Pope (1572–85), b. Ugo Buoncompagni. He supported education, training for the clergy, and missionary activity, especially the Jesuits. He promoted Church reform and sought to carry out the decrees of the Council of Trent. He is best known for reforming the Julian calendar.