Turkey Political Geography

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Further reading

Gallipoli

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable | 2006 | | Copyright

Gallipoli a major campaign of the First World War which took place on the Gallipoli peninsula, on the European side of the Dardanelles, in 1915–16.

In early 1915, after a naval attempt to force the Dardanelles had failed, the Allies (with heavy involvement of troops from Australia and New Zealand) invaded the peninsula, hoping to remove Turkey from the war and open supply lines to Russia's Black Sea ports. The campaign reached stalemate and became bogged down in trench warfare. After each side had suffered a quarter of a million casualties, the Allies evacuated the peninsula without further loss in January 1916.

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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Gallipoli." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Gallipoli." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Gallipoli.html

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Gallipoli." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Gallipoli.html

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Gallipoli

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Gallipoli or Gelibolu , city (1990 pop. 18,670), W Turkey, a port at the east end of the Dardanelles , near the neck of the Gallipoli Peninsula . It has long been a strategic point in the defense of Istanbul (Constantinople) and has numerous historic remains. It was captured by the Ottoman Turks in 1354.

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"Gallipoli." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Gallipoli." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Gallipol.html

"Gallipoli." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Gallipol.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Quinn's Post: Anzac, Gallipoli.(Bloody Gallipoli: The New Zealanders'... Newspaper article from: New Zealand International Review; 9/1/2005
	Gallipoli, 1915-1916: Churchill's Road to Jerusalem -- Failure and... Magazine article from: Midstream; 1/1/2001
	Richard Reid, Gallipoli 1915, ABC Books 2002.(Book Review) Magazine article from: Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society; 12/1/2002