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Fès
Fès (Fās), Morocco Also spelt Fez. Accounts of the founding of the city vary. One claims that Idrīss I, Moulay of the first Islamic Kingdom of Morocco (789–91), built an Arab city on the right bank of the Wādī Fās in 789 at a junction of trade routes. Fās is an Arabic version of the Berber sàf which is an abbreviation of isaffen, the plural of asif ‘river’. According to a popular legend, however, while work was proceeding on the excavations, a pick‐axe, fās, of gold and silver was found. It was used to demarcate the line of the city's walls. Then, twenty years later, his son, Idrīss II, Moulay (803–28), founded a Berber city on the left bank. Another account claims that it was Idrīss II who founded two separate cities on either side of the river, making them together the capital of the kingdom. During Umayyad rule (980–1012) Moors settled in the city on the right bank while Tunisians settled on the left bank. In 1069 the Almoravids occupied Fès. They dismantled part of the walls and erected a single outer wall to merge the two cities. Fès has given its name to the fez, a brimless, red felt hat with a tassel, called a tarbush in Arabic. Hearing that the Ottoman Sultan was keen to abolish the turban with its Islamic associations, Grand Admiral Koja Husrev Mehmed Pasha returned from North Africa to Constantinople (now Istanbul) in 1826 with some samples. It was not long before Mahmud II (1785–1839), Sultan (1808–39), issued the order that all Ottoman Turks were henceforth to wear the fez. It was abolished in 1925 by the first president of the Turkish Republic, Kemal Atatürk†.
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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Fès." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Fès." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Fs.html JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Fès." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Fs.html |
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Fès
Fès or Fez , Arab. Fas, city (1994 pop. 772,028), N central Morocco. In a rich agricultural region, it is connected by rail to Casablanca, Tangier, and Algeria. The city is noted for its Muslim art and its handicraft industries. It gave its name to the brimless felt caps that were formerly characteristic items of Muslim dress in the Middle East. Fès was the capital of several dynasties and reached its zenith under the Merinid sultans in the mid-14th cent. It declined under the Sa'adi and Filali dynasties, who chose Marrakech as their capital. Fès consists of the still vibrant old city (or medina; founded 808) and the new city (founded 1276), connected by walls. The city has more than 100 mosques; the mosque containing the shrine of Idris II, founder of the old city, is one of the holiest places in Morocco. The Qaraouiyine mosque is the center of a Muslim university that was especially influential in the Middle Ages. Fès is the destination of pilgrims who visit the many tombs of saints and scholars. The ulama, or religious council, of the city often played a role in the selection of the sultans of Morocco. |
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"Fès." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Fès." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Fes.html "Fès." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Fes.html |
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Fez
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"Fez." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Fez." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Fez.html "Fez." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Fez.html |
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fez
fez
/ fez/
•
n.
(pl. fez·zes
)
a flat-topped conical red hat with a black tassel on top, worn by men in some Muslim countries (formerly the Turkish national headdress).
DERIVATIVES:
fezzed
adj.
fez |
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"fez." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "fez." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-fez005.html "fez." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-fez005.html |
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fez
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T. F. HOAD. "fez." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. T. F. HOAD. "fez." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O27-fez.html T. F. HOAD. "fez." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O27-fez.html |
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Fes
Fes (Ger.). The note F♭. Feses, F♭♭.
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MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "Fes." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "Fes." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-Fes.html MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "Fes." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-Fes.html |
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Fez
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"Fez." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Fez." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Fez.html "Fez." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Fez.html |
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fes
fes. Early Irish spelling of feis.
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JAMES MacKILLOP. "fes." A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JAMES MacKILLOP. "fes." A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O70-fes.html JAMES MacKILLOP. "fes." A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology. 2004. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O70-fes.html |
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Fès
Fès
•Fès, fez, fraise, Kes, Les, Montez, says, sez, Varèse
•Baez • Jabez • Boulez
•Alvarez, Juárez
•Peres • Gutiérrez
•Cortés, Cortes
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"Fès." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Fès." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Fs.html "Fès." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Fs.html |
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fez
fez
•Fès, fez, fraise, Kes, Les, Montez, says, sez, Varèse
•Baez • Jabez • Boulez
•Alvarez, Juárez
•Peres • Gutiérrez
•Cortés, Cortes
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Cite this article
"fez." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "fez." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-fez.html "fez." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-fez.html |
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FES
FES Federation of Engineering Societies
• Fellow of the Entomological Society • Fellow of the Ethnological Society • Fencing foil, épée, and sabre • F(rederick) E(dwin) Smith, Earl of Birkenhead (1872–1930, British statesman and lawyer) |
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Cite this article
FRAN ALEXANDER , PETER BLAIR , JOHN DAINTITH , ALICE GRANDISON , VALERIE ILLINGWORTH , ELIZABETH MARTIN , ANNE STIBBS , JUDY PEARSALL , and SARA TULLOCH. "FES." The Oxford Dictionary of Abbreviations. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. FRAN ALEXANDER , PETER BLAIR , JOHN DAINTITH , ALICE GRANDISON , VALERIE ILLINGWORTH , ELIZABETH MARTIN , ANNE STIBBS , JUDY PEARSALL , and SARA TULLOCH. "FES." The Oxford Dictionary of Abbreviations. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O25-FES.html FRAN ALEXANDER , PETER BLAIR , JOHN DAINTITH , ALICE GRANDISON , VALERIE ILLINGWORTH , ELIZABETH MARTIN , ANNE STIBBS , JUDY PEARSALL , and SARA TULLOCH. "FES." The Oxford Dictionary of Abbreviations. 1998. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O25-FES.html |
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