Christian IV

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Christian IV

Christian IV 1577-1648, king of Denmark and Norway (1588-1648), son and successor of Frederick II. After assuming (1596) personal rule from a regency, he concentrated on building the navy, industry, and commerce. He rebuilt Oslo and renamed it Christiania. Aroused when Charles IX of Sweden asserted authority over Lapland, he made war on Sweden (the so-called Kalmar War, 1611-13) and largely dictated the peace. In the Thirty Years War , urged on by England, France, and the Netherlands, he invaded (1625) Germany to defend Protestantism. Defeated (1626) by Tilly at Lutter, he was driven back in 1627. Schleswig, Holstein, and Jutland were overrun and plundered; Stralsund was besieged by the imperial troops under Wallenstein . Christian, with the help of Gustavus II of Sweden, raised the siege of Stralsund, but in 1629 he signed with Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II a separate peace that was lenient to Denmark. His anti-Swedish policy brought on a war with Sweden (1643-45) in which Christian lost the Norwegian provinces of Jamtland and Harjedalen. His son Frederick III succeeded him.

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Christian IV

World Encyclopedia | 2005 | Â© World Encyclopedia 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Christian IV (1577–1648) King of Denmark and Norway (1588–1648), the son of Frederick II. Despite a costly war with Sweden (1611–13) and his disastrous participation (1625–29) in the Thirty Years' War, he was a popular monarch who kept the nobility in check. His reign brought culture and economic prosperity, and he founded Oslo, Norway.

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"Christian IV." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Nov. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Denmark in the Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648: King Christian IV and the Decline of the Oldenburg State.(Brief Article) Magazine article from: The Historian; 3/22/1998
	SanDisk Extreme IV CompactFlash Card Ships at Double Capacity and Increased Speed. Business Wire; 9/23/2008
	Architectural moves. (Copenhagen architecture school relocates)(Copenhagen Culture) Magazine article from: The Architectural Review; 12/1/1996

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