Ancient History, Middle East: Biographies

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Artaxerxes I

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Artaxerxes I , d. 425 BC, king of ancient Persia (464–425 BC), of the dynasty of the Achaemenis. Artaxerxes is the Greek form of "Ardashir the Persian." He succeeded his father, Xerxes I , in whose assassination he had no part. The later weakness of the Persian Empire is commonly traced to the reign of Artaxerxes, and there were many uprisings in the provinces. The revolt of Egypt, aided by the Athenians, was put down (c.455 BC) after years of fighting, and Bactria was pacified. The Athenians sent a fleet under Cimon to aid a rebellion of Cyprus against Persian rule. The fleet won a victory, but the treaty negotiated by Callias was generally favorable to Persia. Important cultural exchanges occurred between Greece and Persia during Artaxerxes' reign. He was remembered warmly in the books of Ezra and Nehemiah because he authorized their revival of Judaism.

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Artaxerxes

A Dictionary of the Bible | 1997 | | Copyright

Artaxerxes In Ezra 4: 7 etc. the reference is probably to Artaxerxes I, king of Persia 465–424 BCE, whose appointment of Nehemiah as governor in Jerusalem was probably to assist his ambitions against Egypt.

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W. R. F. BROWNING. "Artaxerxes." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

W. R. F. BROWNING. "Artaxerxes." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O94-Artaxerxes.html

W. R. F. BROWNING. "Artaxerxes." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O94-Artaxerxes.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Artaxerxes, Ardasir, and Bahman Magazine article from: The Journal of the American Oriental Society; 4/1/1998
	Artaxerxes, Ardasir, and Bahman. (ancient Persian King Artaxerxes II; founder... Magazine article from: The Journal of the American Oriental Society; 4/1/1998
	A piece of English treasure we must never forget; CLASSICAL.(Features) Newspaper article from: The Mail on Sunday (London, England); 11/8/2009