An Najaf

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An Najaf

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | 2008 | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

An Najaf , city (1987 pop. 309,010), S central Iraq, on a lake near the Euphrates River. The city, one of Shi'a Islam's holiest, is also called Mashad Ali, after the tomb (in a mosque) of Ali , son-in-law of Muhammad the Prophet. The tomb is an object of pilgrimage by Shiite Muslims and a starting point for the pilgrimage to Mecca. An Najaf also is an important Shiite theological and educational center; Iraq's senior Shiite clergy reside there. The city was the center of fighting between U.S. forces and Shiite insurgents in 2004.

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"An Najaf." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 8 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

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Najaf

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable | 2006 | | © The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable 2006, originally published by Oxford University Press 2006. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Najaf a city in southern Iraq, on the Euphrates, which contains the shrine of Ali, the prophet Muhammad's son-in-law, and is a holy city for the Shiite Muslims.
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Najaf." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Oxford University Press. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 8 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Najaf." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Oxford University Press. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (December 8, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Najaf.html

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Najaf." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Oxford University Press. 2006. Retrieved December 08, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Najaf.html

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Najaf, al-

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions | 1997 | | © The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions 1997, originally published by Oxford University Press 1997. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Najaf, al-. Town of pilgrimage in Iraq, 6 miles west of al-Kūfa, the traditional burial-place of Adam and Noah, and site of the tomb of Imām ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib.
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JOHN BOWKER. "Najaf, al-." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 8 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN BOWKER. "Najaf, al-." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (December 8, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Najafal.html

JOHN BOWKER. "Najaf, al-." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved December 08, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Najafal.html

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Free Article Iraq's holy city of Najaf witnessing a boom
News Wire article from: AP Online; 8/27/2008
Free Article Freeing Najaf: the smiles and cheers of liberated Iraqis greeted soldiers of the 101st Airborne Division in the first days of April as the Americans secured the city of An Najaf, Iraq, and prepared it for post-regime rule.
Magazine article from: Soldiers Magazine; 7/1/2003
Free Article IRAQ: NAJAF - PROFILE.(Brief Article)
Newspaper article from: IPR Strategic Business Information Database; 4/29/2004

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Najaf, Renewed; The religious center sways the world's 170 million Shiites--and its clerics will play an enormous role in the evolution of Iraq.(Cover Story)
Magazine article from: Newsweek International; 3/1/2004; 700+ words ; ...south of Baghdad, in the Shiite city of Najaf. Inside the shrine of Imam Ali, an angry...a moderate cleric who was brought to Najaf by U.S. forces in the hope that he could...with the religious Shiite hierarchy in Najaf. The United States is coping with many...
Najaf Aims To Be The 'Capital' Of Iraq's South
Transcript from: NPR All Things Considered; 8/8/2008; ; 700+ words ; ...NPR All Things Considered 08-08-2008 Najaf Aims To Be The 'Capital' Of Iraq's...Melissa Block. The southern Iraqi city of Najaf is the center of the Shiite Muslim faith...million pilgrims from Iraq and abroad visit Najaf every year. They come to worship in its...
Najaf police: a thin blue line between foes; US troops encircled the Shrine of Ali Sunday as fighting resumed. The standoff leaves Iraqi police with few allies.(WORLD)
Newspaper article from: The Christian Science Monitor; 8/23/2004; 700+ words ; ...writer of The Christian Science Monitor NAJAF, IRAQ -- With the fighting here moving into the 12th day, Iraqi police in Najaf find themselves caught in the cross hairs...released, after a heart attack). In Najaf, the thin blue line has never been blurrier...
Najaf's spirituality gives way to strife, intrigue
News Wire article from: AP Worldstream; 9/22/2003; ; 700+ words ; ...AP Worldstream 09-22-2003 Dateline: NAJAF, Iraq For centuries, this city of Islamic...The danger of an explosion of violence in Najaf has become so worrisome that U.S. forces...saint _ and to prevent further bloodshed. Najaf's credentials as the holiest Shiite city...
Najaf's Spirituality Gives Way to Strife
News Wire article from: AP Online; 9/22/2003; ; 700+ words ; ...Writer AP Online 09-22-2003 Dateline: NAJAF, Iraq For centuries, this city of Islamic...The danger of an explosion of violence in Najaf has become so worrisome that U.S. forces...saint _ and to prevent further bloodshed. Najaf's credentials as the holiest Shiite city...
Profile: Najaf re-establishes itself as the center of Shia Islam
Transcript from: NPR All Things Considered; 8/4/2003; ; 700+ words ; 00-00-0000 Profile: Najaf re-establishes itself as the center...NORRIS, host: In Iraq, the holy city of Najaf is enjoying a revival. It's the burial...four months after Saddam's ouster, Najaf is starting to re-establish itself...
Sistani aide: Najaf peace deal reached.(WORLD)
Newspaper article from: The Christian Science Monitor; 8/27/2004; 700+ words ; ...writer of The Christian Science Monitor NAJAF, IRAQ -- They came by the thousands...witness a peace he would try to bring to Najaf, his besieged city. Initially, the return...Sistani to end three weeks of fighting in Najaf, according to a top aide to Sistani...
Najaf governor denies security infiltration in the province.
Newspaper article from: Aswat al-Iraq (Erbil, Iraq); 4/15/2008; 700+ words ; ...MH/SR Cairo, Apr. 15, (VOI) a" Najaf Governor Asa'd Abu-Golal said on Tuesday that the current security situation in Najaf is very good, without any security infiltration...Sadr movement, on the basis of keeping Najaf a safe city. "Excluding the assassination...
Analysis: Building democracy in Najaf a delicate exercise
Transcript from: NPR Morning Edition; 6/16/2003; ; 700+ words ; ...2003 Analysis: Building democracy in Najaf a delicate exercise Host: BOB EDWARDS...a delicate exercise in the holy city of Najaf. The town is home to a shrine sacred to...the country's population. Locals in Najaf are angry at US support for an interim...
Shiite power struggle simmers in Najaf; In Iraq's Shiite heartland, tensions remain high between Moqtada al Sadr and Iraq's ruling party SCIRI.(WORLD)
Newspaper article from: The Christian Science Monitor; 11/2/2005; 700+ words ; ...Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor NAJAF, IRAQ -- On a recent Friday night here...country's Shiite holiest city turned Najaf into a battlefield last summer when forces...involving Mr. Sadr's supporters turned Najaf's streets violent again, this time clashing...

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