American

American river, 30 mi (48 km) long, rising in N central Calif. in the Sierra Nevada and flowing SW into the Sacramento River at Sacramento. The discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill (see Sutter, John Augustus ) along the river in 1848 led to the California gold rush of 1849. The American is a magnet for rafters. The proposed Auburn Dam, where construction was stopped after a 1975 earthquake, is highly controversial.

American American Civil War the war between the northern states (usually known as the Union) and the Confederate states of the South, 1861–5.

The war was fought over the issues of slavery and states' rights. The pro-slavery Southern states seceded from the Federal Union following the election of Abraham Lincoln on an anti-slavery platform, but were defeated by the North after failing to gain foreign recognition.
American dream the traditional social ideals of the United States, such as equality, democracy, and material prosperity; the term is recorded from the 1930s.
good Americans when they die go to Paris mid 19th-century saying, encapsulating a view of Paris as the home of fashion and elegance, originally attributed to the American epigrammatist Thomas Gold Appleton (1812–84).
War of American Independence the war of 1775–83 in which the American colonists won independence from British rule. The war was triggered by resentment of the economic policies of Britain, particularly the right of Parliament to tax the colonies. Following disturbances such as the Boston Tea Party of 1773, fighting broke out in 1775; a year later the Declaration of Independence was signed. The British army surrendered at Yorktown in 1781.

See also American as apple pie.

AMERICAN. An occasional term for English as used in the US, often in contrast with English (sometimes British), and seriously or facetiously implying a distinct language: ‘The American I have heard up to the present, is a tongue as distinct from English as Patagonian’ ( Kipling, From Sea to Sea, 1889); ‘Too often are spoken English and spoken American criticized as though it were impossible for them to have any laws of their own’ ( Partridge, Usage and Abusage, 1947/57); ‘Brandon has a beaut: the transmission from American to English of cost-effective’ (Safire, New York Times, Oct. 1988).