Adolf Meyer

Adolf Meyer , 1866-1950, American neurologist and psychiatrist, b. Switzerland, M.D. Zürich, 1892. He emigrated to the United States in 1892 and was professor of psychiatry at Cornell Univ. (1904-9) and at Johns Hopkins (1910-41), where he was also director of the Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic. He was active in the mental hygiene movement from its inception (1908), initiating the term "mental hygiene" to describe the maintenance of mental stability. His integrative system of treating mental illness, called psychobiology, demanded that each problem be considered in the light of the patient's total personality.

Bibliography: See his collected papers, ed. by E. E. Winters (4 vol., 1950-52).

Meyer, Adolf (1881–1929). German architect, he worked with Lauweriks (before 1907), Behrens (1907–8), Paul (1909–10), and Gropius (1911–14 and 1919–25). With the last he designed the Fagus Shoe Factory, Alfeld-an-der-Leine, Germany (1910–11), housing at Wittemberg, Frankfurt-an-der-Oder (1913–14), the Kleffel Cotton Factory, Dramburg (1913–14), and the Model Factory and Office Building for the Werkbund Exhibition, Cologne (1914), all of which are more controlled and elegant than anything Gropius was to produce later on his own. The Fagus curtain-walling and the Cologne curved glazed cases for the stairs were to be enor-mously influential on International Modernism. In 1925 he designed part of the Zeiss Factory, Jena. He taught at the Bauhaus (1919–25).

Bibliography

Casabella, xlvi (1982), 40–7;
A. Meyer (1925);
Neue Frankfurt, iii/9 (1929), 165–82