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Settlement, Act of
Settlement, Act of, 1701. This statute, 12 & 13 Wm. III c. 2, is strange and betrays the mixed motives of its authors. The immediate problem was to provide for the protestant succession after the death of Anne's son, the duke of Gloucester, in July 1700. This was done by putting aside more than 50 catholic claimants and offering the succession to Sophia, electress of Hanover, a granddaughter of James I. But the Tory majority in Parliament took the opportunity to tack on a number of incongruous clauses designed to limit the powers of the monarch, who was not to leave the country or engage in war without parliamentary approval. Placemen were not to sit in Parliament, judges were to hold office on good behaviour, and government business was to be conducted in the Privy Council, where counsellors were to sign their advice. Royal pardons were not to be issued against impeachments. The clauses devoted to the succession took effect in 1714, when Queen Anne was succeeded by Sophia's son George I. The other clauses were either repealed or circumvented. The clause forbidding placemen to sit in Parliament, which would have divorced legislature and executive, was nullified by the clumsy device of re-election on taking office.
J. A. Cannon |
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JOHN CANNON. "Settlement, Act of." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Settlement, Act of." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-SettlementActof.html JOHN CANNON. "Settlement, Act of." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-SettlementActof.html |
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Settlement, Act of
Settlement, Act of (1662), passed by the Irish parliament as part of the Restoration land settlement. Dispossessed proprietors judged by a court of claims to have been innocent of rebellion were to be restored, the grantees under the Cromwellian land settlement being compensated (‘reprised’) with lands elsewhere. Fifty‐six named individuals (‘nominees’), 221 ‘ensignmen’ who had served the king during his exile, and ‘articlemen’ who had served the Confederate Catholics but abided by the first or second Ormond peace were also to regain their estates. A court of claims convened in January 1663 heard 829 cases, awarding decrees of innocence to more than 550 Catholics and to about 150 Protestants. Its sittings ended on 21 August, although hundreds of cases remained unheard. Their termination is generally attributed to fear of Protestant unrest (see blood's plot), though it remains unclear how far Charles II or his ministers had ever envisaged the large‐scale restoration of Catholic proprietors. Even as it was, a second major bill, the Act of Explanation, was required to resolve the conflicting claims of royalists, ‘innocent’ Catholics, and Cromwellian grantees.
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"Settlement, Act of." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Settlement, Act of." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-SettlementActof.html "Settlement, Act of." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-SettlementActof.html |
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Settlement, Act of
Settlement, Act of, 1701. This statute, 12 & 13 Wm. III c. 2, is strange and betrays the mixed motives of its authors. The immediate problem was to provide for the protestant succession after the death of Anne's son, the duke of Gloucester, in July 1700. This was done by putting aside more than 50 catholic claimants and offering the succession to Sophia, electress of Hanover, a granddaughter of James I. But the Tory majority in Parliament took the opportunity to tack on a number of incongruous clauses designed to limit the powers of the monarch, who was not to leave the country or engage in war without parliamentary approval. Royal pardons were not to be issued against impeachments. The clauses devoted to the succession took effect in 1714, when Queen Anne was succeeded by Sophia's son George I. The other clauses were either repealed or circumvented.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Settlement, Act of." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Settlement, Act of." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-SettlementActof.html JOHN CANNON. "Settlement, Act of." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-SettlementActof.html |
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Settlement, Act of
Settlement, Act of One of several English Acts, that of 1701 being the most politically significant. It provided for the succession to the throne after the death of Queen ANNE's last surviving child, and was intended to prevent the Roman Catholic Stuarts from regaining the throne. It stipulated that the crown should go to James I's granddaughter, the Electress Sophia of Hanover, or her surviving Protestant heirs. The Act placed further limitations on royal power, and made the judiciary independent of crown and Parliament. On Anne's death in 1714, Sophia's son became Britain's first Hanoverian monarch as GEORGE I.
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"Settlement, Act of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Settlement, Act of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-SettlementActof.html "Settlement, Act of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-SettlementActof.html |
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Settlement, Act of
Settlement, Act of (1701) English parliamentary statute regulating the succession to the throne. The purpose of the Act was to prevent the restoration of the Catholic Stuart monarchy, the last surviving child of Queen Anne having died. It settled the succession on Sophia of Hanover, granddaughter of James I, and her heirs, providing they were Protestants. The throne was inherited (1714) by Sophia's son, the future George I.
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"Settlement, Act of." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Settlement, Act of." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-SettlementActof.html "Settlement, Act of." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-SettlementActof.html |
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Settlement, Act of
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Settlement, Act of." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Settlement, Act of." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-SettlementActof.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Settlement, Act of." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-SettlementActof.html |
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