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cysteine
cysteine
A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition
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2005
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© A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information)
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cysteine A non‐essential
amino acid, but nutritionally important since it spares the essential amino acid
methionine. In addition to its role in protein synthesis, cysteine is important as the precursor of
taurine, in formation of
coenzyme A from the
vitamin pantothenic acid and in formation of the tripeptide
glutathione. It is used as a dough ‘improver’ in baking. See also
cystine.
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Mammalian Cysteine Metabolism: New Insights into Regulation of Cysteine Metabolism1,2
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 6/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...The mammalian liver tightly regulates its free cysteine pool, and intracellular cysteine in rat liver is maintained between 20 and 100...intakes are deficient or excessive. By keeping cysteine levels within a narrow range and by regulating...
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Dietary Cysteine Reduces the Methionine Requirement by an Equal Proportion in Both Parenterally and Enterally Fed Piglets1,2
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 12/1/2003; ; 700+ words
; ...amino acids (SAA), methionine and cysteine, are normally supplied in a 50:50...the oral diet of pigs. In contrast, cysteine is not included in any appreciable amounts...due to its instability ' in solution. Cysteine can replace part of the methionine requirement...
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Five Cysteine-Containing Compounds Have Antioxidative Activity in Balb/cA Mice1
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 1/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT Balb/cA mice were used to study the in vivo effect of N-acetyl cysteine, S-allyl cysteine, S-ethyl cysteine, S-methyl cysteine and S-propyl cysteine, all derived from garlic, on glutathione (GSH...
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Cysteine-containing garlic derivatives have antioxidative activity in mice.
Newspaper article from: Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week; 3/13/2004; 700+ words
; ...net) -- Garlic-derived agents containing cysteine have significant antioxidant activity in mice...used to study the in vivo effect of N-acetyl cysteine, S-allyl cysteine, S-ethyl cysteine, S-methyl cysteine and...
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Cysteine-Cysteine Contact Preference Leads to Target-Focusing in Protein Folding
Magazine article from: Biophysical Journal; 8/1/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...when attraction among cysteines is nonspecific and comparable...expedites folding of cysteine-rich proteins as a...disulfide bonds orcysteine-cysteine interactions. Here...contact frequency among cysteines. We further extend...possibly benefit from cysteine-cysteine interactions...
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Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylas mRNA abundance decreases in rats fed a high-protein diet
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 11/1/1998; ; 700+ words
; Cysteine Sulfinic Acid Decarboxylase mRNA Abundance...Kohlhepp ABSTRACT The partitioning of cysteine metabolism between sulfate and taurine...be regulated in part by the activity of cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD...
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Five Cysteine-Containing Compounds Delay Diabetic Deterioration in Balb/cA Mice1
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 12/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT The effects of n-acetyl cysteine (NAC), s-allyl cysteine (SAC), s-ethyl cysteine, s-methyl cysteine and s-propyl cysteine (SPC) activity on Balb/cA mice against diabetic complications were examined. These complications...
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Effect of Five Cysteine-Containing Compounds on Three Lipogenic Enzymes in Balb/cA Mice Consuming a High Saturated Fat Diet
Magazine article from: Lipids; 9/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT: The in vivo effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), S-allyl cysteine, S-ethyl cysteine (SEC), S-methyl cysteine (SMC), and S-propyl cysteine (SPC) against hyperlipidemia...
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Targeting oxidized cysteine through diet could reduce inflammation and lower disease risk.
Newspaper article from: Heart Disease Weekly; 4/19/2009; 700+ words
; ...in critically ill patients by adding cysteine to intravenous or tube feeding (see...measure of oxidative stress in the blood: cysteine, an amino acid found in most proteins in the body. Cysteine can exist in two forms: oxidized and...
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Study of cysteine, cystine and methionine in normal and cataractous human lenses.(Articles)
Magazine article from: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology; 5/1/1983; ; 700+ words
; ...Kulshrestha, K. Khuteta, Y. Shukla Cysteine, Cystine and Methionine are sulphur...and pathological conditions of lens. Cysteine and Methionine form an integral part...the degradation of methionine by way of cysteine, cystine to either taurine or inorganic...
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cysteine
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
cysteine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino...hooves, and the keratin of the skin. Cysteine's importance is related to the presence...meat tenderizers. The thiol group of one cysteine residue is capable of combining with the...
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amino acids
Book article from: A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition
...arginine, aspartic acid, asparagine, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine...the body from essential amino acids: cysteine (and cystine) from methionine, and...vegetable proteins by the sum of methionine + cysteine (the sulphur amino acids ). In whole...
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cystine
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology
...from the oxidation reaction between the sulphydryl (–SH) groups of two cysteine molecules (see amino acid ). This often occurs between adjacent cysteine residues in polypeptides. The resultant disulphide bridges (–S...
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methionine
Book article from: A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition
methionine An essential amino acid ; one of the three containing sulphur; cystine and cysteine are the other two. Cystine and cysteine are not essential, but can only be made from methionine, and therefore the requirement for methionine...
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homocystinuria
Book article from: A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition
...metabolism of the amino acid methionine and its conversion to cysteine, characterized by excretion of homocysteine and its derivatives...either by feeding a diet low in methionine and supplemented with cysteine or, in some cases by administration of high intakes of vitamin...
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