PORTUGUESE
Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language
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1998
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© Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language 1998, originally published by Oxford University Press 1998. (Hide copyright information)
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PORTUGUESE. A Romance language of Western Europe, closely related to
SPANISH and the earliest of the major colonial languages originating in Europe. It is spoken by 135m people worldwide: in Europe, as the national language of Portugal (including the Azores and Madeira, islands in the Atlantic); in the Americas, as the official language of Brazil; in Africa, as the official language of Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, and Saõ Tomé and Príncipe; in Asia, as the official language of the Portuguese colony of Macao, near Hong Kong, and in ex-colonial territories such as Goa in India and East Timor in the Indian Ocean. It is also spoken by immigrant communities in Canada, France, the US, and elsewhere, and has given rise to or influenced
PIDGINS and
CREOLES in many parts of the world. Like Spanish, it was influenced by
ARABIC during the centuries of Muslim dominance in the Iberian peninsula. Although Portugal is the oldest ally of England (since the 14c), the impact of Portuguese on English has been slight.
LOANWORDS (some of them undergoing adaptation) include
albino,
auto-da-fe,
ayah,
caste,
madeira,
marmalade,
molasses,
palaver, and
port (wine). Many such words have reached English indirectly, as with
ayah and
caste, which are the outcome of Portuguese influence on English in India. See
BORROWING,
INDIAN ENGLISH,
ROMANCE LANGUAGES.
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Worms the newest squirmy underground hit
Newspaper article from: The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel; 6/18/1998; ; 700+ words
; ...other useful things to know about worms. What is a worm, anyway? According to the Encyclopedia...Allan Poe's "The Conqueror Worm." Worms are athletic. Cross-dressing...Dennis Rodman is known as "The Worm." Worms are musical. Danny Kaye sang...
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 "Albany Times Union (Albany, NY)")
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WORMS TURN OUR GARBAGE INTO COMPOST.(AT HOME)
Newspaper article from: Albany Times Union (Albany, NY); 1/2/1994; 700+ words
; ...those nasty stereotypes of worms as worthless blighters. Ask not for whom the worm toils. It toils for thee. Invite worms to lunch; they'll stick...they bury garbage in the worm bin, and how long it takes for the worms to do their work. A whole...
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WORM WORLD THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION HAS A COLLECTION DEVOTED TO 12.8 MILLION SPECIMENS SOME OF THE LOWLY CREATURES THAT LINK THE FOOD CHAIN.(LIFE & LEISURE)
Newspaper article from: Albany Times Union (Albany, NY); 11/8/1994; 700+ words
; ...examples of some species, worms can be lent out and scientists can even grind up a worm or two and examine its...more like snakes than worms and some even resemble...vestimentiferans, or giant tube worms, tend to garner a lot...got its first giant tube worm in 1978. A group of geologists...
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Worm Ranching Proves a Difficult Career in Indiana.(Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News)
Newspaper article from: Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News; 8/30/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...opened a real can of worms four years ago. That...bought Evansville Worm Ranch and started...four open concrete worm pits, each 50-feet long. Some worms crawl out, but overhead...plummeted 50 degrees. The worms feeding at the surface...to death. Former worm farmer Regina Szucs...
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Worm Ranch Proves a Difficult Career in Indiana.(Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News)
Newspaper article from: Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News; 8/30/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...opened a real can of worms four years ago. That...bought Evansville Worm Ranch and started...four open concrete worm pits, each 50-feet long. Some worms crawl out, but overhead...plummeted 50 degrees. The worms feeding at the surface...to death. Former worm farmer Regina Szucs...
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 "Telegraph - Herald (Dubuque)")
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Worm party, anyone?
Newspaper article from: Telegraph - Herald (Dubuque); 3/29/2009; ; 700+ words
; ...only kept composting worms in her home but had...community-funded "worm hot line" when she...6 Davies says that worms are not just for gardeners. Non- gardening worm owners can renourish...According to "The Worm Book," some people eat their composting worms. They are considered...
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Worm Might Conquer Trash Problem
Newspaper article from: Chicago Sun-Times; 6/19/1992; ; 700+ words
; ...out. Not just any worms, but red wigglers, the elite of the worm world. No home should...worm bins from the "worm mobile" in front of his home. "I think of worms as the 20th century...buying and breeding red worms in hopes of becoming...central New York's red worm baron. To ...
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Worm farm takes on new challenges
Magazine article from: BioCycle; 1/1/1998; ; 700+ words
; ...worm growing operationmanure in, worms and worm castings out. In the spring of...farm uses two methods to produce worms and worm castings. Mature breeder worms...focuses on three primary markets for worms and worm castings: home gardeners and composters...
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WORM drives seeking niche in data storage market. (column)
Magazine article from: Online; 11/1/1988; ; 700+ words
; WORM (Write Once Read Many) optical drives have experienced...specific target niches with specialized applications, WORM drive manufacturers are only recently beginning to show revenues. Small WORM drives, using 5.25 inch disks, generally hold...
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A worm welcome
Newspaper article from: The Gazette; 8/11/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...Dr. Warren's Worms." He swears by the power of worm castings (manure...him to build a big worm colony. He says the worms, which live on a...clubs. He shares worms with friends. He's busy packaging worm castings to sell to...
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Worms
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
...worms commonly refers to intestinal worms, although worms can infect other organs and the bloodstream. Intestinal worms are helminths and fall into three classes...composed of a scolex, which attaches the worm to the intestinal wall, and a long...
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Worms et Cie
Book article from: International Directory of Company Histories
Worms et Cie 55, rue de la Boetie 75008 Paris...Stock Exchanges: Paris Ticker Symbol: Worms SICs: 6719 Holding Companies, Not Elsewhere...illustrious names in French financial history, Worms et Cie has functioned since the 1980s primarily...
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worm
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English
...fruit or wood, e.g., army worm , woodworm . ∎...of other animals that resemble worms in some way, e.g., slow-worm , shipworm . ∎...eat buried corpses: food for worms. ∎ Comput...
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Echiuroid Worms
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
Echiuroid Worms Echiuroid worms, or echiurans, commonly called spoon worms, are soft-bodied, unsegmented...food by filter-feeding. This worm secretes a mucus funnel that...Respiratory gas exchange in echiuroid worms occurs between the body fluid...
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worm lizard
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
worm lizard partially or entirely limbless burrowing lizard of the family Amphisbaenidae. All worm lizards lack hind limbs and most species lack...feeding on earthworms, spiders, and insects. Worm lizards are found in tropical and warm temperate...
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