CALQUE
Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language
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1998
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© Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language 1998, originally published by Oxford University Press 1998. (Hide copyright information)
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CALQUE, also
LOAN TRANSLATION. A word or other expression formed by translating from another language, such as Shaw's
superman (1903), from German
Übermensch (as used by Nietzsche in 1883). The Romans calqued freely from Greek; from
poiótēs (suchness),
posótēs (muchness), they formed
qualitas and
quantitas. Calques are often used for ad hoc glossing, as with ‘suchness’ and ‘muchness’ above. Sometimes, a Greek original and its Latin calque have both entered English:
apátheia and its calque
indolentia provide English with both
apathy and
indolence. Calques are often formed from compounds in a source language: for example, German
Weltanschauung becoming English ‘world-view’. They may also consist of entire translated phrases, such as ‘Time flies’ from Latin
Tempus fugit and ‘that goes without saying’ from French
cela va sans dire. See
BORROWING,
FOREIGNISM,
LOAN.
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Magazine article from: Emerging Infectious Diseases; 10/1/2006; ; 700+ words
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 "Albany Times Union (Albany, NY)")
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AIDS epidemic update: December 2005
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; ...stabilization of the epidemic in the Caribbean, continued...Saharan Africa, growing epidemics in Eastern Europe and...describes at length the AIDS epidemic scenarios across various...burden has multiple epidemics. Only Kenya, Uganda...awareness about the AIDS epidemic is on the rise, ...
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Response to malaria epidemics in Africa.(PERSPECTIVE)
Magazine article from: Emerging Infectious Diseases; 5/1/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...to reduce the effects of epidemics, but they are associated...research findings relevant to epidemic malaria and implementation capacities of epidemic-prone countries. Highlands...arid Areas Most malaria epidemics follow abnormal weather...
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Magazine article from: Emerging Infectious Diseases; 4/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...mention the risk for epidemics that could raise the...Prevention (CDC), an epidemic is the occurrence of...outbreak is synonymous with epidemic and is sometimes preferred...associated with the word epidemic. In addition to the...attention to the risk for epidemics. In a letter published...
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Epidemics, Bacterial
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Epidemics, bacterial An epidemic is the occurrence...potential for an epidemic remains. As for...reduced bacterial epidemics. However, this...practiced, meningitis epidemics are a problem...largest meningitis epidemic ever recorded...
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Epidemics, Viral
Book article from: World of Microbiology and Immunology
Epidemics, viral An epidemic is an outbreak of...fifteenth century, epidemics began with regularity. A devastating epidemic swept through Spain...months of the 1918 epidemic was 20 million. Epidemics of influenza continue...
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Epidemics
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Public Health
EPIDEMICS An epidemic is an occurrence of...are both examples of epidemics. Another kind of epidemic can be seen in the...psychopathic variation of this epidemic). Human history has...punctuated frequently by epidemics, and occasionally...
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epidemic
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to the Body
epidemic Epidemics come with wings and slowly...The word ‘epidemic’ has an emotional...Although this type of epidemic starts in the same way...observation and recording of epidemics in order to deduce the...
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Typhus, Epidemic
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Public Health
...s best-laid strategy. Epidemic typhus is currently prevalent...and Asia. Recovery from epidemic typhus results in nonsterile...of R. prowazekii between epidemics. Individuals who have been...typically milder than classic epidemic typhus. Diagnosis and Treatment...
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