toll
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology
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1996
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© The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology 1996, originally published by Oxford University Press 1996. (Hide copyright information)
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toll1 payment for a privilege OE.; charge for a right of passage XV. OE.
toll = OHG.
zol (G.
zoll), ON.
tollr m., with by-forms OE.
toln (†
tolne XI–XV), OS.
tolna fem. — medL.
tolōneum, alt. of late L.
telōneum — Gr.
telónion toll-house, f.
telónēs collector of taxes, f.
télos toll, tax.
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Gametophyte development, sex expression and antheridiogen system in Pteris incompleta Cav. (Pteridaceae).(Report)
Magazine article from: American Fern Journal; 1/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...features of its gametophytes. Gametophyte development followed...were collected. Gametophytes were grown under...germination and gametophyte development...each individual gametophyte, 50 young gametophytes from the multispore...
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The Gametophyte of Lycopodiella prostrata.(Shorter Notes)(Report)
Magazine article from: American Fern Journal; 10/1/2007; ; 700+ words
; The Gametophyte of Lycopodiella...photosynthetic gametophytes of the Lycopodiaceae...an undescribed gametophyte, were cultured...lobe and the gametophyte base. Both archegonia...young mature gametophytes. The archegonia...
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Female Gametophyte Development
Magazine article from: Plant Cell; 1/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ...female and male gametophytes. The female gametophyte is critical to...involved in female gametophyte development and function. Gametophytes and sporophytes...develop into gametophytes. The major function of gametophyte generation is...
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Comparative studies on gametophyte morphology and development of seven species of Cyatheaceae.(Report)
Magazine article from: American Fern Journal; 4/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...Studies of Cyatheaceae gametophytes have been performed by some...however, additional gametophyte morphology and development...needed and comparisons of gametophyte characters among Cyatheaceae...media for the Cyatheaceae gametophytes should be investigated...
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Auxin regulates lateral meristem activation in developing gametophytes of Ceratopteris richardii.
Magazine article from: Canadian Journal of Botany; 10/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...meristem activity during gametophyte development in C...pattern formation, gametophyte, body plan. Resume...lateral, chez les gametophytes de la fougere Ceratopsis...Ceratopteris thalictroides gametophytes are smaller, show...the sporophyte and gametophyte generations of ferns...
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Analysis of the Female Gametophyte Transcriptome of Arabidopsis by Comparative Expression Profiling1[W]
Magazine article from: Plant Physiology; 12/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...that are expressed during female gametophyte development in angiosperms, and it is not known whether the female gametophyte transcriptome contains a major...specifically expressed in female gametophyte development. From analysis of...
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Description of a novel organ in the gametophyte of the fern Schizaea pusilla and its contribution to overall plant architecture.(NOTE)(Report)
Magazine article from: Canadian Journal of Botany; 10/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...development in gametophytes has taxonomic significance...2002). The gametophyte of the fern S...architecture of this gametophyte. Materials and methods Spore and gametophyte culture Schizaea pusilla gametophytes were derived from...
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ANI1: A sex pheromone--induced gene in ceratopteris gametophytes and its possible role in sex determination
Magazine article from: Plant Cell; 7/1/1999; ; 700+ words
; ...sexual fate of the young gametophyte is determined. INTRODUCTION The haploid gametophytes of many homosporous ferns...B). The sex of the gametophyte is determined by the...spores develop as male gametophytes with numerous sperm...
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NUCLEAR FUSION DEFECTIVE1 Encodes the Arabidopsis RPL21M Protein and Is Required for Karyogamy during Female Gametophyte Development and Fertilization1
Magazine article from: Plant Physiology; 7/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...central cell and once during female gametophyte development when the two polar nuclei...understood. We have identified nine female gametophyte mutants in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis...sperm cells are released into the female gametophyte. One sperm fertilizes the egg cell...
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Gametophyte morphology and development of six Chinese species of Pteris (Pteridaceae).(Report)
Magazine article from: American Fern Journal; 1/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...soil and subsequent gametophyte morphology and development...the species. Adult gametophytes are cordate and gametangia...of the gametangia, gametophyte margin shape, number...large, studies on its gametophyte morphology are limited...information, the gametophytes of Pteris can be ...
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Gametophyte
Book article from: Plant Sciences
...two sets. The gametophyte develops from...sporophyte phase. Gametophytes produce sperm...vascular plants the gametophyte is short-lived...land plants, gametophytes are of four different...least complex gametophytes are those of the...plants. The male gametophyte is the two- or...
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gametophyte
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...the top of the gametophyte. The sporophyte...develop into gametophytes. The alternation...between haploid gametophyte and diploid...form and the gametophyte form has been...male and female gametophytes are reduced...
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Reproduction, Alternation of Generations and
Book article from: Plant Sciences
...embryo sac (the female gametophyte). Two theories have...isomorphic sporophytes and gametophytes. Sporophytes became...in the much larger gametophytes. As evolution progressed...larger and larger, and gametophytes became more and more...Bryophytes; Ferns; Gametophyte; Gymnosperms; ...
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Whisk Fern
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
...multicellular male and female gametophytes, and the whisk fern has spores which give rise to the gametophytes. The gametophyte is the stage of the plant life...of chromosomes (1n). The gametophytes of flowering plants are extremely...
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Ferns
Book article from: Plant Sciences
...of the individual plants in a gametophyte population so that each plant...fertilization usually requires two gametophytes that are close enough for sperm...than one arising from a single gametophyte. If the entire fern sporophyte...
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