mental disorder
mental disorder Any failure of mental health that is severe enough for psychiatric treatment to be appropriate. Some mental disorders can be attributed to injury or organic disease of the
brain. Mental disorder may also be the result of a hereditary predisposition. Other disorders are psychogenic – without any clear evidence of any physiological cause.
Schizophrenia, severe
depression, and manic-depressive psychoses are the most widespread of mental disorders. Neurotic disorders, which can be severe but do not often warrant prolonged stays in hospital, include persistent anxiety,
phobias, obsessions, and
hysteria.
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German Inventors Develop X-Ray Radiator with Thermionic Emission System
News Wire article from: US Fed News Service, Including US State News; 8/18/2008; 523 words
; ALEXANDRIA, Va., Aug. 18 -- Sven Fritzler and Detlef Mattern, both of Erlangen, Germany, Jorg Freudenberger of Eckental, Germany, Manfred Fuchs of Nurnberg, Germany, Peter Rohrer of Bubenreuth, Germany, and Peter Schardt of Hochstadt A.D. Aisch, Germany, have developed an x-ray radiator. An
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The power of thermionic energy conversion. (includes related articles on the Advanced Energy Systems division of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and on energy conversion and power)
Magazine article from: Mechanical Engineering-CIME; 9/1/1993; ; 700+ words
; ...SPACE NUCLEAR REACTORS based on thermionic energy conversion can produce...exploration missions. The history of thermionic emission dates back to the mid-1700s...indicating that he had observed thermionic electron emission while perfecting...
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Borealis Announces Solar Thermionic Power Chip.
Business Wire; 10/28/1999; 700+ words
; ...LONDON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Oct. 28, 1999-- A thermionic Power Chip(TM) which works entirely from solar...temperatures. As the solar energy warms the chip, so thermionic emission of electrons also contributes to the power generated...
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Technique Arranges Nanotubes for Field Emission Devices.(Agere Systems process development)(Brief Article)
Magazine article from: Nanoparticle News; 7/1/2001; 700+ words
; ...emitter structures with improved emission properties. The patented...cathode of a flat panel field emission display or a microwave vacuum...systems, typically employs a thermionic emission cathode to generate...number of advantages over thermionic emission cathodes as well...
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Electric field emission of electrons from spherical metallic dust particles.(Report)
Magazine article from: Canadian Journal of Physics; 2/1/2009; ; 700+ words
; ...which cause electric field emission of the electrons. For example, the field emission is the dominant mechanism of electron emission from negatively charged dust...enough to cause significant thermionic emission and there is no radiation...
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Double your e-beam's life. (electron beams) (Microscopy)
Magazine article from: R & D; 1/1/1992; ; 700+ words
; ...existence of different realms of thermionic emission. A triode-type thermionic electron emitter commonly...power control higher to get emission back. This raises the filament...exposed to acetone at 1670 K. Thermionic emission for both materials...
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New theoretical physics study findings have been reported from A.B. Petrin et al.
Newspaper article from: Physics Week; 11/10/2009; 587 words
; ...a general approach to considering the thermionic, field, and thermionic field emissions of electrons from metals. For this purpose...characteristic of the analytical models for thermionic emission and from the approximations for the tunneling...
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UC-Davis engineers develop innovative lighting technology
News Wire article from: University Wire; 7/8/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...sets. The patented field emission lamp furnishes advantages...illuminated images through thermionic emission, which uses a thermal...than electrons produced by thermionic emission, which makes it...is also more efficient than thermionic emission, which wastes more...
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Another path to high power microwaves.
Magazine article from: Journal of Electronic Defense; 6/1/1997; ; 700+ words
; ...beam currents including explosive emission, nonexplosive field emission, thermionic emission and photoemission. Nonexplosive...hard vacuum tubes with conventional thermionic cathodes. Since a thermionic cathode cannot provide the current...
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Researchers at Vanderbilt University target vacuum technology.
Newspaper article from: Nanotechnology Weekly; 6/15/2009; 647 words
; "Vacuum thermionic emission behaviors from bare silicon and chemical...intensity follows Richardson's thermionic emission equation for the bare silicon...Vacuum Science & Technology B (Thermionic electron emission from chemical vapor...
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thermionic emission
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
thermionic emission , emission of electrons or ions by...below red heat (see black body ), thermionic emission from uncharged bodies is chiefly...filaments for the electric light. Thermionic emission's most important practical...
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Vacuum Tube
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
...Fleming called his device the thermionic valve because it used heat to...Wehnelt, who also worked with thermionic emission, had applied for a patent in...them. Fleming ’ s thermionic valve operated at a temperature...
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Electric Arc
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
...further increased. In arcs, the thermionic effect is responsible for the...lowers the barrier for electron emission, and provides a field emission. Because of the high temperature...than about 10 volts. Often thermionic emission w
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Langmuir, Irving
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography
...and low pressures (1906-1921); thermal effects in gases (1911-1936); atomic structure (1919-1921); thermionic emission and surfaces in vacuum (1913-1937); chemical forces in solids, liquids, and surfce films (1916-1943...
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Heat
Book article from: -Ologies and -Isms
...or therapy. Also called thermotherapy . thermionics the science or study of the emission of electrons from substances at high temperatures. —thermionic , adj. thermochemistry the branch of chemistry that studies the relationship of...
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