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Pahlavi, Reza

World Encyclopedia | 2005 | © World Encyclopedia 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Pahlavi, Reza (1878–1944) Shah of Iran and founder of the modern Iranian state. In 1921, he took part in a nationalist coup and built up a modern army as defence minister and prime minister. In 1925, Pahlavi deposed Ahmad Shah and assumed the crown. He enforced intensive social and legal reforms, crushed tribalism, and ended the influence in Iran of Britain and the Soviet Union. In 1941, when British and Soviet forces occupied Iran, he abdicated in favour of his son, Muhammad Pahlavi.

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