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Joffre, Joseph Jacques Césaire

World Encyclopedia | 2005 | Â© World Encyclopedia 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Joffre, Joseph Jacques Césaire (1852–1931) French general. Joffre was commander in chief of the French army at the outbreak of World War I (1914). Determined to take the offensive, he was forced to retreat but recouped his forces, and his reputation, in the First Battle of the Marne. After heavy losses at Verdun and on the Somme in 1916, he resigned.

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