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Copernicus, Nicolas

World Encyclopedia | 2005 | Copyright

Copernicus, Nicolas (1473–1543) ( Mikolaj Kopernik) Polish astronomer. Through his study of planetary motions, Copernicus developed a heliocentric (Sun-centred) theory of the universe in opposition to the accepted geocentric (Earth-centred) theory conceived by Ptolemy nearly 1500 years before. In the Copernican system (as it is now called) the planets' motions in the sky were explained by their orbit of the Sun. The motion of the sky was simply a result of the Earth turning on its axis. An account of his work, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium, was published in 1543. Most astronomers considered the new system as merely a means of calculating planetary positions, and continued to believe in Aristotle's view of the world. See also Galileo; Kepler

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