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Babylonia

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Babylonia Ancient region and empire of Mesopotamia, based on the city of Babylon. The Babylonian Empire was first established in the early 18th century bc by Hammurabi the Great, but declined under the impact of Hittites and Kassites in c.1595 bc. After a long period of weakness and confusion, the Empire eventually fell to Assyria in the 8th century bc. In c.625 bc, Babylon regained its independence and former glory, when Nabopolassar captured the Assyrian capital of Nineveh. In 586 bc, the New Babylonian (Chaldaean) Empire defeated Egypt and took the Jews to captivity in Babylon. In 538 bc, the Empire fell to the Persians.

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