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A Dictionary of Ecology | 2004 | | Â© A Dictionary of Ecology 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

black smoker See hydrothermal vent.

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MICHAEL ALLABY. "black smoker." A Dictionary of Ecology. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 8 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

MICHAEL ALLABY. "black smoker." A Dictionary of Ecology. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (December 8, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O14-blacksmoker.html

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	Deep heat: undersea explorers discover bumper crops of hydrothermal vents on the oceans' floors.(EARTH) Magazine article from: Current Science, a Weekly Reader publication; 3/17/2006; ; 700+ words ; ...degrees F) at a vent field dubbed the Turtle Pits. Hydrothermal vents also turned up...scientists know that hydrothermal vents occur on both...Because so many vent fields have been...to think that hydrothermal vents are adding far...
	New type of hydrothermal vent looms large.(Atlantic Ocean discovery)(Brief Article) Magazine article from: Science News; 7/14/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...A newly found hydrothermal vent system, which...produced by these vents include, at...a new type of hydrothermal vent system, reports...known systems of hydrothermal vents have been found...fissures. Such vent systems emit...
	Huge new hydrothermal vent system found on seafloor; Surprise discovery dubbed "Lost City". M2 Presswire; 12/12/2000; 700+ words ; ...on the cruise. "If this vent field was on land, it would...Nothing like this submarine hydrothermal field has ever been previously...most other mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal environments, appear to...while Studying geological and hydrothermal processes that built an unusually...mountain itself as ...
	The remarkable diversity of seafloor vents: continuing explorations reveal an increasing variety of hydrothermal systems.(Earth-Ocean) Magazine article from: Oceanus; 9/22/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...cold seawater and hot vent fluids, seeping from...were present at the vents, including large clams...1979, a second active hydrothermal system was discovered...enter the oceans via vents. They are leached...reactions with hot hydrothermal fluids. Other hydrothermal vent ...
	EARLY JURASSIC HYDROTHERMAL VENT COMMUNITY FROM THE FRANCISCAN COMPLEX, CALIFORNIA Magazine article from: Journal of Paleontology; 5/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...groups found at modern vent sites are missing from...data. INTRODUCTION HYDROTHERMAL VENTS were first discovered...et al., 2002). Hydrothermal fluid issuing onto the sea floor at these vent sites is hot (up to...these seemingly toxic hydrothermal fluids directly support...
	Prospecting for hydrothermal vents using moored current and temperature data: Axial volcano on the Juan de Fuca Ridge, Northeast Pacific Magazine article from: Journal of Physical Oceanography; 3/1/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...Prospecting for Hydrothermal Vents Using Moored Current and...Locations and magnitudes of the hydrothermal sources leading to the observed...flux from low-buoyancy hydrothermal sources is apparently less...flux from high-buoyancy hydrothermal sources, a result that is...balance of heat flux ...
	Formation of Zn- and Fe-sulfides near hydrothermal vents at the Eastern Lau Spreading Center: implications for sulfide bioavailability to chemoautotrophs.(Research article) Magazine article from: Geochemical Transactions; 5/19/2008; ; 700+ words ; ...sea hydrothermal vents in the Pacific Ocean...seawater environment from hydrothermal fluid release [3...bioavailability of sulfide in the hydrothermal fluids change rapidly...warm, highly reducing vent fluids mix with cold...diversity near the ELSC vents were uniquely ...
	Hydrothermal vents found in Arctic Ocean. News Wire article from: United Press International; 1/15/2003; 700+ words ; ...release in scalding vents that can reach temperatures...voyage, arranged for hydrothermal data to be collected and for Edmonds, a vent expert, to come along...understanding of the way hydrothermal vents are globally distributed...we have looked." Hydrothermal vents often ...
	Scientists discover secrets of 'Lost City'; New class of hydrothermal vents formed differently. M2 Presswire; 7/12/2001; 700+ words ; ...City'; New class of hydrothermal vents formed differently...LTD RDATE:11072001 Hydrothermal vent structures serendipitously...massive 18-story vent taller than any seen...than ocean-floor vents studied since the 1970s...This new class of hydrothermal vents apparently ...
	Major Cruise to Galapagos Rift Marks 25th Anniversary of Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vent Discovery. News Wire article from: Ascribe Higher Education News Service; 5/9/2002; 700+ words ; ...where the first hydrothermal vents were found...original Galapagos vents have changed over...search for new vent life and black...its center, how vents regulate ocean...the base of the hydrothermal vent food chain starts...microorganisms at deep sea vents support a ...

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	Hydrothermal Vents Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science Hydrothermal Vents A hydrothermal vent is a geyser that is...sea. The first such vent was discovered in 1977...Ocean. Since then, vents have been discovered...beneath the surface, hydrothermal vents are associated...
	hydrothermal vent Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition hydrothermal vent crack along a rift or ridge...the earth's crust. Some vents are in areas of seafloor...have been recorded. The vents' hot springs leach out...source of life on earth. Hydrothermal vents were first discovered...
	hydrothermal vents Book article from: The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea hydrothermal vents are springs of superheated...are many earthquakes, many vents are destroyed by seismic events...with metal deposits. The vent waters being emitted become...smokers’ . Fossil vents are found in a few places...The geochemistry of the vents is an important part of ...
	Geothermal Deep-ocean Vents Book article from: World of Earth Science ...Geothermal deep-ocean vents are undersea hot springs...and energy supplied by vents support communities of...environment. Most deep-ocean vent action is powered by...unique to the geothermal vent environment, and other creatures exists around hydrothermal vents. The entire ...
	Volcanic Vent Book article from: World of Earth Science ...Volcanic vent Volcanic vents are openings in Earth...have a circular central vent near their summit crater...large, elongate, planar vents called fissures. New...ducts in volcanic and hydrothermal provinces serve as vents for escaping lava, gas...gases from a central vent. A ...