Kitchener, Horatio Herbert, 1st Earl
The Oxford Companion to British History
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2002
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© The Oxford Companion to British History 2002, originally published by Oxford University Press 2002. (Hide copyright information)
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Kitchener, Horatio Herbert, 1st Earl (1850–1916). Soldier and imperial statesman. Kitchener saw extensive service as a soldier and imperial administrator in Egypt, South Africa, and India. Amongst his achievements were the reconquest of the Sudan (1898) and the imposition of British peace terms on the Boer republics (1902). He was given a viscountcy in 1902 and promoted earl in 1914. But his greatest service to the British empire was between 1914 and 1916, when he served as secretary of state for war. Far from being merely a great poster, as
Lloyd George claimed, he was a prescient strategist. He recognized that a conflict between the European great powers would not end quickly but would degenerate into a long war of attrition. To ensure that Britain emerged victorious he expanded the small regular army by raising a huge new army of volunteers. He was drowned when HMS
Hampshire, the cruiser carrying him to a conference in Russia, was sunk off Orkney by a German mine.
David French
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Dawn. (short story) (Indian Literatures: In the Fifth Decade of Independence)
Magazine article from: World Literature Today; 3/22/1994; ; 700+ words
; ...out victorious every time. One day, on returning from school, he asked, "Grandpa, do you know of Mahmud of Ghazna?" "Mahmud of Ghazna?" I stared at him, digging hard into my memory. He immediately struck a hard blow: "So, you don...
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Les saisons en enfer du jeune Ayyaz.(Review)
Magazine article from: World Literature Today; 1/1/2001; ; 700+ words
; ...two historical characters: Sultan Mahmud of Ghazna (d. 1030 A.D.) and his slave...legends began to develop about Mahmud and Ayaz, and soon in Persian Sufi...occurs when Ayaz falls in love with Mahmud and becomes "passive," turning...
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The Experience of Islamic Art on the Margins of Islam
Magazine article from: The Muslim World; 1/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...this narrative developed - beginning in 1,025 with Mahmud of Ghazna's destruction of the Shaiva temple at Somanatha and...Mosque at Ayodha in 1992. He shows how the memory of Mahmud's act of destruction as the "symbolic appropriation...
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Fools Are Everywhere: The Court Jester around the World.(Book Review)
Magazine article from: Journal of World History; 12/1/2003; ; 700+ words
; ...court jester for the Qin dynasty (221-207 B.C.); the Persian jester Abu Bakr-e Robadi in the court of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazna (r. 998-1030); the Song dynasty jester Ding Xianxian, "Immortal Revelation Ding," in the court of Emperor...
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A tangled history.(The Shade of Swords: Jihad and tge Conflict Between Islam and Christianity)(Book Review)
Magazine article from: Commonweal; 1/17/2003; ; 700+ words
; ...title, Akbar digresses to survey the history of jihad in India. Here he details the victories of warlords, such as Mahmud of Ghazna, over Hindu populations. In the context of Indian history, the author makes the briefest reference--a single...
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Mahmud of Ghazna
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Mahmud of Ghazna , 971?-1030, Afghan...at Somnath in Gujarat. Mahmud's territorial gains lay...Afghanistan and in the Punjab. At Ghazna (see Ghazni ), his capital...Ghaznavid dynasty, which Mahmud founded, ruled over a reduced...
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Mahmud of Ghazni
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
...Reading The outstanding work on Mahmud and his times is Clifford Edmund...Nazim, The Life and Times of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazna (1931). Edward G. Browne, A...1924), gives information on Mahmud's scholars. □
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Ghazni
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...inhabitants are Tajiks. The city, named Ghazna in ancient times, was flourishing...the Turkish Ghaznavid dynasty. Mahmud of Ghazna built a magnificent mosque, the...completed its downfall in 1221; Mahmud's tomb and two high columns outside...
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Khyber Pass
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...Asia, the Khyber Pass was one of the principal approaches of the armies of Alexander the Great , Timur , Babur , Mahmud of Ghazna , and Nadir Shah in their invasions of India. The pass was also important in the Afghan Wars fought by the British...
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Sultan
Encyclopedia entry from: Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World
...Persian family under the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid (786 – 809). Most contemporary sources point to Mahmud of Ghazna (998 – 1030) as the first independent sovereign to be called a sultan by the Abbasid caliphs. Whether...
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