Buckingham, George Villiers, 2nd duke of
The Oxford Companion to British History
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2002
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© The Oxford Companion to British History 2002, originally published by Oxford University Press 2002. (Hide copyright information)
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Buckingham, George Villiers, 2nd duke of (1628–87). Heir to his renowned father the 1st duke (assassinated August 1628), he was brought up with the royal children and, despite frequent provocations, Charles II always felt a fraternal bond with Buckingham. He fought in the Civil War, but his youth recovered his estates for him in 1647. Personally involved in the Scottish invasion on Charles II's behalf in 1651, Buckingham was able to return to England from exile in 1657, when he married a daughter of Sir Thomas
Fairfax. Naturally enjoying preferment at the Restoration, lack of managerial capacity combined with pathological irresponsibility rendered Buckingham the least weighty of ‘the
cabal's’ members. His public support for the dissenting community, and the personal standing he acquired with Louis XIV, together bear out contemporary estimates of Buckingham's capricious shallowness. Pope's account, in the
Epistle to Bathurst, of Buckingham's wretched end is a ludicrous exaggeration.
David Denis Aldridge
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Mantra Yoga
Book article from: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
Mantra Yoga. The practice of mantra repetition ( japa ) as a means of liberation ( mokṣa ), especially in Tantrism .
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