Subtle body
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
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1997
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© The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions 1997, originally published by Oxford University Press 1997. (Hide copyright information)
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Subtle body (Skt.,
liṅga śarīra or
sūkṣma śarīra). In Indian religions, a non-physical body. It is also called
puryaṣṭaka (‘city of eight’). This latter term refers to a classification of the subtle body in accordance with the
tattvas, namely the five
tanmatras or subtle elements (sound, touch, form, taste, and smell) and the
antah kāraṇa or inner instrument (comprising
buddhi, ahaṃkāra, and
manas). A Vedantic classification, however, says that the subtle body comprises seventeen parts, namely the five
prāṇas, ten organs of action and knowledge, manas, and buddhi.
The subtle body is the vehicle in which the soul (
jīva) transmigrates through
saṃsāra, and the repository of karmic seeds (
saṃskāras) which determine the physical body and individual destiny. Beyond the subtle body is the causal (
kāraṇa) or highest (
parā) body. The causal, subtle, and gross bodies correspond to the states (
avasthā) of deep sleep, dreaming, and waking.
The structure of the subtle body as elaborated in Tantrism comprises energy centres (
cakras) connected by channels or veins (
nāḍīs) through which life-energy (
prāṇa) flows, maintaining bodily functions.
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