Frasokereti
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
|
1997
|
|
© The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions 1997, originally published by Oxford University Press 1997. (Hide copyright information)
Copyright
Frasokereti (Pahlavi,
Frasogird). Literally, the ‘making fresh’ (or ‘restored’) in
Zoroastrian eschatology. In Zoroastrian
cosmology (
Bundahisn) the world and humanity are created perfect but are assaulted by evil. Zoroastrianism is, however, an optimistic religion and teaches that evil will ultimately be eradicated. Frasokereti is the process by which the good is triumphant. There are two aspects to Zoroastrian eschatology: individual and cosmic. At death, every individual faces judgement by the balances whereby good thoughts, words, and deeds are weighed against the evil. At death, the soul is led by its
daena (conscience), either to a heavenly existence or to the abyss of
hell. However, this stay in hell (or heaven) is not eternal, for eternal punishment could not be corrective, as punishment should be. Zoroastrians, therefore, believe in a resurrection and a second judgement which forms part of the cosmic Frasokereti. This in turn is related to the teaching of the four ages.
The last of these is broken down into three periods, each of a thousand years, in which a saviour (
sōs̆yant) is born. With evil expunged from the Good Creation all can finally dwell with God as the heaven and earth come together in what is the best of all possible worlds. Evil is defeated, and Ahura Mazda is now not only all-good, but also for the first time all-powerful.
Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.
|
Handling pilgrims: Robert Mannyng and the Gilbertine cult.
Magazine article from: Philological Quarterly; 6/22/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...be said for the Gilbertine canon Robert Mannyng. His penitential manual Handlyng...years after completing this work, Mannyng began translating and compiling...written in English. In both works Mannyng comments on his use of English...
|
|
Robert Mannyng of Brunne: The Chronicle.(Review)
Magazine article from: Medium Aevum; 3/22/1999; ; 700+ words
; Robert Mannyng of Brunne: The Chronicle, ed. Idelle Sullens, Medieval and Renaissance...912 pp. ISBN 0-86698-137-3. $60.00. The first part of Robert Mannyng of Brunne's Chronicle was edited by furnivall in 1887, the second...
|
|
|
Dichotomize and conquer: "womman handlyng" in 'Handlyng Synne.'
Magazine article from: Philological Quarterly; 9/22/1993; ; 700+ words
; Robert Mannyng of Brunne's Handlyng Synne, a 12...flowering of penitentials. Attention to Mannyng usually focuses on the importance of his...descriptive rather than literary.(3) Mannyng begins the text by aligning himself...
|
|
Before Malory: Reading Arthur in Later Medieval England.(Book review)
Magazine article from: The Modern Language Review; 10/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...Hardyng is unlikely to have read Mannyng, Gray, or the Alliterative...also added by the scribe of Robert of Gloucester's Chronicle...opportunites for fictions (Wace and Mannyng reserve judgement on their...Hardyng, and scribes of Robert of Gloucester locate the details...
|
|
Phillips, Susan E., Transforming Talk: the Problem with Gossip in Late Medieval England.(Book review)
Magazine article from: Parergon; 1/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...early fifteenth-century sermon cycle, Jacob's Well, and the popular penitential manual, Robert Mannyng's Handlyng Synne. Her discussion of Mannyng's consciousness that his exemplary practices, in their explicit exclusion of private information...
|
|
Bakhtin and Medieval Voices.
Magazine article from: Yearbook of English Studies; 1/1/1999; ; 700+ words
; ...via Gavin Douglas's Eneados; Robert Sturges's study of the role of...Popular-Festive Forms and Beliefs in Robert Mannyng's Handlyng Synne'. In every...approach than manuscript-oriented. Robert Jordan argues persuasively for understanding...
|
|
Amy Welborn. (Summer reading).
Magazine article from: Commonweal; 6/20/2003; ; 700+ words
; ...Cervantes. Not many critics noted, however, that the title harks back to the fourteenth-century Handlyng Synne, by Robert Mannyng, a member of the Gilbertine order, who translated stories illustrating the Ten Commandments and the seven deadly...
|
|
|
The Court and Cultural Diversity.(Review)
Magazine article from: Medium Aevum; 9/22/1998; 700+ words
; ...Szkilnik on Passelion and Marc l'Essilie, Thea Summerfield on political songs in the chronicles of Pierre Langtoft and Robert Mannyng, and Helen Cooper on romance in the aftermath of the battle of Bosworth. `Negotiating a courtly voice' contains...
|
|
|
Of Shrifte and Penance: The ME Prose Translation of the `Manuel des peches'.(Review)
Magazine article from: Medium Aevum; 3/22/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...which the text is entitled Be Manuel of Zynnes. The translator, who also remains anonymous, was clearly unaware of Robert Mannyng's own verse translation, Handlyng Synne. The translation itself (1380-1400?) closely renders the French text...
|
|
|
Anne B. Thompson, Everyday Saints and the Art of Narrative in the South English Legendary.(Book Review)
Magazine article from: Medium Aevum; 9/22/2004; ; 700+ words
; ...set individual stories in a larger structure, like Robert Mannyng's Handlyng Synne, are necessarily more sophisticated...Thompson proposes, might be the empirical work of Robert Grosseteste, with which it shares a commitment to careful...
|
|
Robert Mannyng
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Robert Mannyng fl. 1298-1338, English poet, b. Brunne...modern Bourne), Lincolnshire; also called Robert of Brunne. He was a monk in the Gilbertine order. Mannyng is known chiefly for his Handling Sin...
|
|
Mannyng, Robert
Book article from: The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature
Mannyng, Robert of Brunne (Bourne) in Lincolnshire ( fl. 1288–1338), is known only from what he tells us of himself in the Prologues to his two works, his verse Chronicle of England (finished 1338) and Handlyng Synne .
|
|
|
Robert of Brunne
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Robert of Brunne see Mannyng, Robert .
|
|
|
Robert Manning
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Robert Manning see Mannyng, Robert .
|
