vernacular architecture
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
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2000
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© A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture 2000, originally published by Oxford University Press 2000. (Hide copyright information)
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vernacular architecture. Unpretentious, simple, indigenous, traditional structures made of local materials and following well-tried forms and
types, normally considered in three categories: agricultural (barns, farms, etc.), domestic, and industrial (foundries, potteries, smithies, etc.). In England and Germany the great range of
timber-framed medieval and later buildings would largely be classed as vernacular architecture, while humble rural structures, such as cottages, would also fall into the category. It was first taken seriously in the late C18 when attempts were made to re-create it as part of the
Picturesque movement, and it provided exemplars for C19 architects, especially those of the
Gothic and
Domestic Revivals and the
Arts-and-Crafts movement. In the USA
Colonial and simple
clap-boarded buildings provided models for designers, especially for the
Stick and
Shingle styles. It has been contrasted with
polite architecture, and even classed as
architecture without architects, but this is not really true, as most vernacular architecture drew on more sophisticated designs somewhere in its development, while architects such as
Devey,
Lutyens, and
Webb derived much of their styles from vernacular buildings, so it was never really an isolated phenomenon, an architecture of the proletariat, rural or urban.
Bibliography
Alcock,, Barley,, Dixon,, & and Meeson (1996);
Alcock (1981);
Barley (1961);
Beaton (1997);
Brunskill (1987, 1990, 1992, 1994, 1997, 2000);
Charles (1997);
Clifton-Taylor (1987);
Glassie (2000);
Kemp (1987);
P. Oliver (2003);
P. Oliver (ed.) (2000);
Pearson & Meeson (eds.) (2001);
Pattison et al. (1999);
Pennick (2002);
Jane Turner (1996);
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athach
Book article from: A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology
athach [ScG, giant, champion; monster; cf. OIr. aithech , boor, serf]. A monster or giant of Scottish Gaelic folklore, thought to haunt gorges and lonely lochans or lakes. Comparable to the bòcan , d'reach , fachan , or luideag .
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Athach
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Athach , in the Bible, place in S ancient Palestine, visited by David.
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Eithne Úathach
Book article from: A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology
Eithne Úathach [Ir., horrible, dreadful]. Daughter of Crimthann Mór mac Fidaig . She was reputed to eat the flesh of young infants to increase her growth so that she would be prepared for marriage more quickly.
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fachan
Book article from: A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology
...Scottish Gaelic folklore, counterparts of which are known in Irish tradition. The fachan is a variety of the better-known athach , while the dìreach is a more particular fachan. The fearsome creature has but one leg from its haunch, one hand...
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bòcan
Book article from: A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology
...sometimes helpful. Often a bòcan would attach itself to a family, such as the Coluinn (or Colann) gun Cheann [ScG, headless body] of the MacDonalds of Morar, west Highlands (until 1974, Inverness-shire). See also ATHACH .
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