Sublime
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
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2000
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© A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture 2000, originally published by Oxford University Press 2000. (Hide copyright information)
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Sublime. C18 aesthetic category associated with ideas of awe, intensity ruggedness, terror, and vastness emphasizing Man's relative insignificance in the face of Nature, arousing emotions, and stimulating the imagination. It was therefore distinct from the
Beautiful and the
Picturesque, and was of profound importance in relation to an appreciation of the grandeur and violence of natural phenomena. Its chief apologists were Edmund Burke (1729–97), with his
A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful (1756), and Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), with his
Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime (1764). In architecture the Sublime was associated with great size, overwhelming
scale, the
primitive (especially the unadorned
Doric Order), and stereometrical purity (as in much
Neo-Classicism, e.g.
Boul-lée's work, and the visions of gaols by
Piranesi).
Bibliography
Burke (1757);
Chilvers, Osborne, & Farr (eds.) (1988);
Jane Turner (1996)
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Transcript from: Washington Transcript Service; 6/18/2002; 436 words
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Abdoulaye Wade , 1926-, Senegalese political leader...opold Senghor 's ruling Socialist party. Wade was elected to parliament in 1978. He ran...the 1988 results were widely disputed. Wade, who served (1991-92) as minister of...
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Diouf, Abdou
Book article from: A Dictionary of Contemporary World History
...continued to be sufficiently popular to be re-elected in 1993. Diouf faced a united opposition in the 2000 presidential elections, and obtained only 41 per cent of the vote in the second round against Abdoulaye Wade. He retired from politics.
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