Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT OF 1938
The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA) originated in President Franklin Roosevelt's (1933–1945) New Deal. It was a landmark piece of legislation that had a significant impact on the labor movement in the United States. The FLSA set nationwide standards for employees of organizations engaged in interstate commerce, operations of a certain size, and public agencies. Still active today, it affects millions of full and part time workers in the private sector and the federal, state, and local governments.
Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, the first minimum wage (25 cents per hour) was established. The work week was limited to 44 hours per week, which was revised in 1940 to 40 hours per week. Standards were developed to keep records of hours worked and wages paid. These same standards allowed employers to keep track of overtime owed to employees who exceeded the standard work week.
Perhaps most significantly, the Fair Labor Standards Act banned child labor. Children under age fourteen were no longer legally allowed to work. Exceptions were made for the agricultural industry and some family businesses. Children under age eighteen were restricted from "hazardous" jobs, including mining and some factory jobs. The ban on child labor
greatly decreased the number of children harmed by bad working conditions.
A 1963 amendment to the FLSA called the Equal Pay Act prohibited differences in pay based on sex. Under this provision women who were often paid wages lower than a man in the same position could now demand equal pay. The Equal Pay Act was an important step in leveling the often uneven work field in which women competed with men for the same jobs but had to settle for making less money.
Over twenty amendments have been made to the Fair Labor Standards Act. Most of these were made to increase the minimum wage, which has gone from 25 cents in 1938 to $5.25 in 1998.
Enforcement of FLSA standards is handled by the U.S. Department of Labor's Employment Standards Administration, Wage-Hour Division. The Equal Pay Act is an exception; it's enforcement was transferred to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in 1979.
See also: Child Labor, Interstate Commerce, Minimum Wage, Franklin Delano Roosevelt
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Insomnia.(THE EFFECTIVE PHYSICIAN)
Magazine article from: Internal Medicine News; 11/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...Background Providing effective treatment for insomnia remains a challenge in medical practice...common clinical condition. Conclusions Insomnia is defined as disturbed sleep in patients...opportunity and environment for sleep. Insomnia can range from difficulty in falling...
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Insomnia often appears to be a persistent condition.
Newspaper article from: NewsRx Health & Science; 3/29/2009; 700+ words
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Insomnia: costing sufferers sleep & economies money.
M2 Presswire; 2/21/2006; 700+ words
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Proper insomnia therapies lower total care utilization
Magazine article from: Managed Healthcare; 10/1/1998; ; 700+ words
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Insomnia curbs antidepressant response in aged.(Psychiatry)
Magazine article from: Internal Medicine News; 9/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; DENVER -- Chronic insomnia in depressed elderly patients confers...These findings suggest that chronic insomnia blunts treatment response in patients...This means, therefore, that chronic insomnia is not only a precipitating factor...
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Insomnia and sleep disorders in women.(Women's Health Update)
Magazine article from: Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients; 4/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ...disturbance in America. As many as 40% of adult Americans report at least occasional insomnia, and of those, nearly 20% have severe insomnia. Severe insomnia is defined as difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep at least three times a week...
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Ignoring Insomnia Costs America $42 Billion a Year
Newspaper article from: U.S. Newswire; 5/27/2009; 700+ words
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Insomnia may blunt response to antidepressants.(elderly patients)
Magazine article from: Clinical Psychiatry News; 9/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; DENVER -- Chronic insomnia in depressed elderly patients confers...These findings suggest that chronic insomnia blunts treatment response in patients...This means, therefore, that chronic insomnia is not only a precipitating factor...
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Insomnia - Sanofi-Synthelabo to Drive Growth of This Potentially Lucrative Market.
M2 Presswire; 2/19/2003; 700+ words
; ...February 2003-Research and Markets: Insomnia - Sanofi-Synthelabo to Drive Growth...of optimizing revenues from the vast insomnia patient population. This Brief aims...issues impacting the current and future insomnia market, while providing key strategic...
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Insomnia: Therapeutic Approach.
Magazine article from: Southern Medical Journal; 9/1/2001; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT: Insomnia is a common complaint. Transient and...pharmacologic treatment. Long-term insomnia is often a symptom of a medical or psychiatric...medications for the symptomatic treatment of insomnia include benzodiazepines, zolpidem...
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Insomnia
Book article from: U*X*L Complete Health Resource
INSOMNIA DEFINITION Insomnia is the inability to get an adequate amount of sleep. The difficulty can be in falling asleep, remaining asleep, or both. Insomnia is a common disorder that affects millions of people. It can be...
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Anti-Insomnia Drugs
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 3rd ed.
Anti-Insomnia Drugs Definition Anti-insomnia drugs are medicines that help people fall asleep or stay asleep. Purpose Physicians prescribe anti-insomnia drugs for short-term treatment of insomnia — a...
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insomnia
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
insomnia abnormal wakefulness or inability to sleep...worry or tension, is the cause. Mild insomnia may often be relieved by a soothing activity...listening to soft music. Chronic or severe insomnia requires treatment of the underlying physical...
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fatal familial insomnia
Book article from: A Dictionary of Nursing
fatal familial insomnia ( fay -t'l) n. an autosomal dominant disorder due to a mutation...spongiform encephalopathy. Patients present with intractable progressive insomnia, disturbances of the autonomic nervous system, and eventually dementia...
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Sleep Disorders
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology
...categories. The first and most common is insomnia (Disorders of Initiating and Maintaining Sleep). In insomnia, sleep loss is so severe that it interferes...functioning and well-being. Three types of insomnia have been identified (although a single...
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