Bretton Woods Agreement
BRETTON WOODS AGREEMENT
In July of 1944, representatives from 44 nations met at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, for an international monetary conference. There, they developed the groundwork to establish of two international organizations, the International Money Fund (IMF), and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, in assist in the creation of a stable economic foundation in the post–World War II (1939–1945) world. The measures detailed at Bretton Woods were adopted by the United States and other participating nations in 1945, officially creating the IMF and the International Bank.
The function of the IMF is to maintain orderly currency practices in international trade. The function of the International Bank is to facilitate the extension of long-term investments for specified purposes, such as development and structural improvements in a nation. Amendments were made to the initial agreement in 1969 and in 1978, enhancing the role of the IMF and establishing "Special Drawing Rights" (SDRs) that are used by the IMF as legal guidelines for all of its currency transfers. The IMF monitors compliance and assists nations in defending their officially established exchange rates. If a country's foreign exchange problems prove to be more than temporary, the IMF advises the country to devalue its currency and to undertake domestic actions designed to stem further declines in the value of its currency.
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Tax reliefs: the government's review.(Tax)
Magazine article from: Accountancy Ireland; 6/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...is conducting a review of various exemptions and tax reliefs. Reliefs and exemptions represent of course one of the few ways...taking into account the social and economic benefit of reliefs in delivering investment in housing, enterprise...
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Relief and rescue operations in flash flood-hit areas continue.
News Wire article from: PPI - Pakistan Press International; 7/2/2007; 700+ words
; ISLAMABAD, July 02 (PPI) : Relief and Rescue operations by Armed Forces...Aviation helicopters are participating in relief and rescue operations in Turbat, Sibbi...aftermath of cyclone Yamyin and rescue and relief efforts being done in affected areas by...
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IT RELIEF: Dial "C" for charity >T.
M2 Presswire; 7/26/1999; 700+ words
; M2 PRESSWIRE-26 July 1999-IT RELIEF: Dial "C" for charity (C)1994-99 M2 COMMUNICATIONS LTD RDATE:260799 * IT Relief committee hits the phones and makes a killing for KIDS London -- IT Relief, the IT industry's respected charity...
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Fundamentals of safety relief systems.(Technical report)
Magazine article from: ASHRAE Journal; 2/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...required for sizing vent lines for the safety relief systems applied to refrigerating systems...properly engineering and installing safety relief systems. In addition, the authors review...the newly implemented changes to safety relief systems. Pressure relief devices are...
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DEBT RELIEF FOR POOREST COUNTRIES APPROVED
Transcript from: Capitol Hill Press Releases; 11/3/1999; 700+ words
; ...Release: Wednesday, November 3, 1999 Debt Relief for Poorest Countries Approved The House...poor countries. H.R. 1095, the Debt Relief for Poverty Reduction Act, would: Authorize...decision-making on bilateral debt relief to the approval of the IMF or any other...
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Direct Relief International Emergency Airlift Responds to Pneumonia Outbreak in El Salvador; Salvadoran Health Minister Declares 'Red Alert' in Face of 45,000 Cases, 297 Deaths This Year; 7 Children Died in Past Three Days.
News Wire article from: AScribe Medicine News Service; 7/25/2003; 700+ words
; Byline: Direct Relief International SANTA BARBARA, Calif., July 25 (AScribe Newswire) -- Direct Relief International today announced it is responding...susceptible to death from pneumonia. Direct Relief-supported facilities in El Salvador...
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Group relief rules -- Summary of measures.
M2 Presswire; 3/22/2000; 700+ words
; ...maximum amount of a consortium claim to group relief. Background notes Group relief 1. Group relief allows a company to claim the benefit of trading losses and certain other reliefs of another company if both companies are members...
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RELIEF EFFORT GATHERS MONEY, TONS OF GOODS
Newspaper article from: Wyoming Tribune-Eagle; 4/22/1999; ; 700+ words
; ...Local religious groups have joined in the relief effort for Kosovo refugees, either by...the Evangelical Free Church, noted that relief efforts from his church, and many other...Ministries. There are several worldwide church relief organizations that local churches use...
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Comic Relief: readers reply
Newspaper article from: The Independent - London; 5/6/1996; 700+ words
; Peter Popham's attack on Comic Relief was riddled with inaccuracies: Comic Relief patently does not trade on the war against famine...inefficient. It isn't. Mr Popham implied that Comic Relief enjoys a privileged position with the media. Not...
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Pressure relief device capacity determination.(Report)
Magazine article from: ASHRAE Transactions; 1/1/2009; ; 700+ words
; INTRODUCTION Pressure relief devices need to have sufficient mass...catastrophic failure. The minimum required relief device capacity will depend on the specific...being created. Although the maximum relief device capacity is not limited by codes...
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relief
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English
...from anxiety or distress: much to her relief, she saw the door open. ∎...occasion for such a feeling: it was a relief to find somewhere to stay. ∎...discomfort, or distress: tablets for the relief of pain. ∎ a temporary...
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Tax Relief
Encyclopedia entry from: International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences
Tax Relief The term tax relief is widely used to refer to tax cuts, tax rebates, tax subsidies...due or otherwise provide concessions to taxpayers. Usually, tax relief is targeted toward income and ownership taxes, consumption taxes...
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Mortgage Relief Legislation
Dictionary entry from: Dictionary of American History
MORTGAGE RELIEF LEGISLATION MORTGAGE RELIEF LEGISLATION is legislation meant to help borrowers. Since the...apparent advantage of the borrower and thus are referred to as relief for mortgage debtors, or, when statutory, simply as mortgage...
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World War I, U.S. Relief in
Dictionary entry from: Dictionary of American History
WORLD WAR I, U.S. RELIEF IN WORLD WAR I, U.S. RELIEF IN. Relief in Europe by U.S. agencies during World War I extended from 1914 through 1923, but several agencies continued special projects after 1923. During the war and into the...
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Relief
Book article from: World of Earth Science
Relief Relief is the difference in altitude between the highest and lowest point of a defined area (Relief = highest point – lowest point). Although to humans the earth...
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