Molybdenum
Chemistry: Foundations and Applications
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2004
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Molybdenum
melting point: 2,623°C
boiling point: 4,639°C
density: 10.22 g/cm 3
most common ions: Mo 3+, Mo 2(OH) 24+, M 2O 42+
Molybdenum is a hard, silver-white metal discovered by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1778. Scheele had been researching a mineral called molybdenite, which many suspected of containing lead (the Greek word molybdos means "lead"). He instead found that it contained a new element which he named "molybdenum" after the mineral. Molybdenum was first isolated by Swedish mineralogist Peter Jacob Hjelm in 1782.
Molybdenum has an abundance in Earth's crust of approximately 1.1 parts per million (ppm) or 1.2 milligrams per kilogram. Its chief source is the mineral molybdenite (MoS2), but it is also found in the ores wulfenite (PbMoO4) and powellite (CaMoO4) or obtained as a by-product of copper mining. The leading producers of molybdenum are the United States, Canada, Chile, Mexico, Peru, China, Russia, and Mongolia.
There are seven known isotopes of molybdenum that occur naturally: 92Mo, 94Mo, 95Mo, 96Mo, 97Mo, 98Mo, and 100Mo. Their natural abundances range from 9.25 percent (94Mo) to 24.13 percent (98Mo). Common compounds of molybdenum include molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), molybdenum trioxide (MoO3), molybdic acid (H2MoO4), molybdenum hexafluoride (MoF6), and molybdenum phosphide (MoP2).
Molybdenum's melting point (2,623°C, or 4,753.4°F) exceeds that of steel by 1,000°C (1,832°F) and that of most rocks by 500°C (932°F). For this reason, the element is used in various alloys to improve strength, particularly at high temperatures. Approximately 75 percent of molybdenum produced is used by the iron and steel industries. The element is also utilized to make parts for furnaces, light bulbs, missiles, aircraft, and guns. Molybdenum disulfide is used as a high temperature lubricant.
see also Coordination Compounds; Inorganic Chemistry; Scheele, Carl.
Stephanie Dionne Sherk
Bibliography
Lide, David R., ed. (2003). The CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Other Resource
Powell, Darryl. "Molybdenum." Mineral Information Institute. Available from <http://www.mii.org/Minerals/photomoly.html>.
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Olmert's Solomonic quest
Newspaper article from: Jerusalem Post; 1/13/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...King David's self-appointed successor, Adonijah, who rode a chariot accompanied by 50 armed...alive. Eventually, Solomon was crowned and Adonijah was executed. Olmert is clearly no Adonijah. He kept public appearances at a minimum...
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Sex, Honor, and Power in the Deuteronomistic History
Magazine article from: The Catholic Biblical Quarterly; 4/1/1998; ; 700+ words
; ...father's concubines. In 1 Kings 2, Adonijah's request for Abishag is an attempt...her simply a "conduit" manipulated by Adonijah. He ignores Bathsheba's own prestigious...motivations behind her agreement to bring Adonijah's request to her son. In spite of...
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 "The Birmingham Post (England)")
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Theme for Today.(Features)
Newspaper article from: The Birmingham Post (England); 9/30/2002; 381 words
; ...nearly missed becoming king. His brother Adonijah, on hearing that their father, King...have been ruthless with the likes of Adonijah. Yet Solomon showed great mercy to the usurper. Even so, Adonijah later tried to double-cross him...
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REUNION NEWS
Newspaper article from: Charleston Gazette; 6/19/2003; 700+ words
; ...products and soft drinks will be provided. Vince Abston, 925-3783. Adonijah School/Community: 1 p.m., Sunday, June 29, Laurel Fork Baptist Church, Adonijah. Bring a covered dish or dessert. No alcohol or drugs allowed. Burnwell...
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Mikra'ot Gedolot 'Haketer': Psalms, Parts I and II: A revised and augmented scientific edition of 'Mikra'ot Gedolot,' based on the Aleppo Codex and Early Medieval MSS
Magazine article from: The Catholic Biblical Quarterly; 4/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ...taken from Jer 26:10. Edited by Jacob ben Hayyim ibn Adonijah (ca. 1470-1538), the four Bomberg volumes contained the...is attributable to the triumphalist argument. (Jacob ben Adonijah himself converted some time after editing the Bomberg Bible...
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 "The Racing Post (London, England)")
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Absalom breeder Williamson dies.(Sports)
Newspaper article from: The Racing Post (London, England); 3/1/2000; 333 words
; ...sprinter Absalom, useful hurdler Cima and high-class miler Adonijah, has died. He was 92. Williamson, who was a member of the...won 11 races, including the 1978 Vernons Sprint Cup, and Adonijah was a Group-race winner on the Flat. Cima was runner-up...
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Reunion News
Newspaper article from: Charleston Gazette; 6/12/2003; 700+ words
; ...1001 Virginia St. East, Charleston, W.Va. 25301; fax 348-5133. Adonijah School/Community: 1 p.m., Sunday, June 29, Laurel Fork Baptist Church, Adonijah. Bring a covered dish or dessert. No alcohol or drugs allowed. Burnwell...
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1 Kings
Magazine article from: Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society; 6/1/1999; ; 700+ words
; ...For example, the word plays involving melek and the name Adonijah (1:13-14, 18-21, pp. 11, 13) have a definite effect...Nathan cleverly presents the issue of succession as putting Adonijah at odds with David, diplomatically deemphasizing Solomon...
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Queen mother syndrome.(Opinion & Editorial)
Newspaper article from: Manila Bulletin; 10/17/2004; 700+ words
; ...mother. In the Book of 1 Kings, of the Old Testament, we find Adonijah, the handsome son of King David and Haggith declaring himself...king to intercede for her son Solomon to be king instead of Adonijah. The reply of King David was: "Solomon your son shall be...
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The Psalmist King; Warrior, lover, father, poet: the many faces of Israel's greatest and all-too-human monarch.
Newspaper article from: The Washington Post; 11/13/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...of his eldest son, Amnon, who rapes his half-sister; of Adonijah, who tries to seize the throne; and of the king's youngest, Solomon, who is chosen by David over Adonijah. But the emotional highlight of David's story, as told here...
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Adonijah
Book article from: A Dictionary of the Bible
Adonijah Son of David , and his expected successor, but instead Solomon was secretly anointed by the priest Zadok . Adonijah was executed (1 Kgs. 2: 25) after Bathsheba had naively made a request on his behalf to Solomon (I Kgs. 2: 13–23).
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Haggith
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Haggith , in the Bible, mother of Adonijah 1.
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Abiathar
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Abiathar , in the Bible, priest, son of Ahimelech, the only one of his family who escaped massacre by Doeg. He fled to David, to whom he remained loyal. Later he sided with Adonijah against Solomon, who took away his priesthood.
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Usurpation
Dictionary entry from: Allusions--Cultural, Literary, Biblical, and Historical: A Thematic Dictionary
670. Usurpation Adonijah presumptuously assumed David ’ s throne before Solomon ’ s investiture. [O.T.: I Kings 1:5 –...
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David
Book article from: World Encyclopedia
...captured Jerusalem, making it his capital. The later part of his reign was marked by the revolts of his sons Absalom and Adonijah. David was succeeded by Solomon , his son by Bathsheba. According to the Jewish Prophets, the Messiah must be a descendant...
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