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praetor

From: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | Date: 2008

praetor , in ancient Rome, originally a consul , and later a judicial magistrate (from c.366 BC). In 242 BC two praetors were appointed, the urban praetor ( praetor urbanus ), deciding cases to which citizens were parties, and the peregrine praetor ( praetor peregrinus ) deciding cases between foreigners. The urban praetor exercised the functions of the consuls in their absence and of the peregrine praetor when he was holding a military command. Two additional praetors were appointed (227) to administer Sicily and Sardinia, and two more (197) to administer Spain. A principal duty of praetors was the production of the public games. Under the empire the functions of the praetor were gradually taken over by other magistrates.

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