photoengraving
photoengraving photomechanical process in the graphic arts, used principally for reproducing illustrations. The subject is photographed, and the image is recorded on a sensitized metal plate, which is then etched in an acid bath. In the case of line cuts (drawings in solid blacks and whites without gradations of color), the photoengraving is done on zinc, and the result is called a zinc etching. In the case of halftone cuts, the work is done on copper. The halftone effect is accomplished by photographing the subject through a wire or glass screen, which breaks the light rays so that the metal plate is sensitized in a dotted pattern; the larger dots create the darker areas, the smaller dots the high lights. The finer the screen, the greater the precision of detail in the printed product. Halftones made with a screen having 65 lines to the inch are considered coarse. Those having 150 lines to the inch are considered fine.
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Roman Republicans, fasces and festivals: the French occupation of Rome, 1798-99, from the archives of the Museo Napoleonico.
Magazine article from: Apollo; 1/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; The French Revolution had a profound effect on architecture in late eighteenth-century France. (1) Even before the Revolution, the Academie Royale d'Architecture in Paris had been a scene of dissent. The choice of the Grand Prix winner at the Academie d'Architecture and the bureaucracy surrounding
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Forgotten Lincoln in District; Judiciary Square statue was first to honor leader.(TRAVEL)(THE CIVIL WAR)
Newspaper article from: The Washington Times; 10/7/2006; 700+ words
; ...hand rested on a cylindrical bundle of rods called a fasces. The fasces was a symbol of the ancient Roman Republic, before...Franklin D. Roosevelt dime had one on the back. The fasces is no longer used today, however. In 1922, when...
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 "Rocky Mountain News (Denver, CO)")
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Extra!(News)
Newspaper article from: Rocky Mountain News (Denver, CO); 3/21/2007; 487 words
; ...surrounded by bundled sticks? Yup. It's a fasces - a Roman symbol of power and authority...together than their parts alone. The fasces also is thought by some to be symbolic...symbolic of executing evil-doers. And if fasces sounds like a modern word, it is: Italian...
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The Silver Oar and Other Maces of the Admiralty: Admiralty Jurisdiction in America and the British Empire
Magazine article from: Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce; 4/1/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...symbols of authority long before medieval times such as the FASCES, in which an axe for beheadings was surrounded by a bundle...entitled to be preceded on the streets by attendants carrying the fasces, just as the Admiralty Marshal with the Silver Oar precedes...
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Russia remembers World War II.(Ronald Reagan Center for International Trade, Washington)
Magazine article from: Insight on the News; 9/21/1998; ; 700+ words
; ...scoff at them for a moment, as does a metal model of the fasces knocked on its side and lying near the swastika-studded baton that belonged to Field Marshal Erwin Rommel. (The fasces is the bundle of rods with a projecting ax blade that Italian...
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The artist, the historian, and the USS Constitution
Magazine article from: Naval War College Review; 7/1/1997; ; 700+ words
; ...representing the Constitution of the United States, together with a fasces representing union and a "battoon" (club) symbolizing willingness...collided with USS President in fluky winds; lost were Hercules, fasces, battoon, and some trailboard. All were replaced the following...
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The popularity of gavels has begun to unravel.
Newspaper article from: The Boston Herald; 7/12/1998; ; 670 words
; ...modeled on classical emblems of legal authority, such as the Roman fasces. Consisting of a bundle of rods (meant to resemble scrolls) strapped to a long-handled ax, the fasces - like the mace staff and gavel - are intended to portray the power...
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 "The Evening Standard (London, England)")
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Sins and the Roman city; The historical adviser of next week's new bloodthirsty TV drama offers an A-Z of the sex, sacrifice and torture of everyday life in ancient Rome.
Newspaper article from: The Evening Standard (London, England); 10/28/2005; 700+ words
; ...the Capitoline, the Quirinal and the Viminal. Handy for the final round of Who wants to be a Millionaire? F for FASCES The fasces were a bunch of bound wooden sticks carried by men called lictors who escorted important politicians in public...
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IN OUR PAGES: 100, 75 AND 50 YEARS AGO1925:Fascist Strength
Newspaper article from: International Herald Tribune; 9/16/2000; 204 words
; ...that Fascism has never been stronger than it is now. He recounts that there are 9,000 ''Fasces'' comprising 700,000 Fascists and 586 ''Fasces'' with 25,000 women members. He concludes by saying that Fascism has a formidable army...
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Famous sculptures dot city landscape
Newspaper article from: Tribune-Review/Pittsburgh Tribune-Review; 3/29/2009; ; 700+ words
; ...military is depicted by the placement of Washington's right hand on a cane and his left hand on a fasces, against which a sword hangs. The fasces, made of 13 rods symbolizing the 13 states, rests on a plowshare -- the agricultural foundation...
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fasces
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
fasces [Lat.,=bundles], ancient Roman symbol...and later the magisterial authority. The fasces were cylindrical bundles of wooden rods...proconsuls, dictators, and emperors. The fasces, which symbolize unity as well as power...
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pillar
Book article from: The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable
...his Register of Wills at Somerset House; they appear as Corinthian columns with capital and base, about the size of Roman fasces. from pillar to post from one place to another in an unceremonious or fruitless manner. The phrase (in its earlier form from...
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fascism
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to World War II
...totalitarian regime, several of which made their appearance in Europe between 1922 and 1936. The name, taken from the Latin fasces , the ceremonial bundle of rods and an axe carried before magistrates in ancient Rome, symbolizing the power and unity of the...
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Mussolini, Benito
Encyclopedia entry from: West's Encyclopedia of American Law
...Fascist party, called the Fasci di Combattimento. The name fascism is derived from the Latin fascis , meaning bundle. The fasces is a bundle of rods strapped together around an axe. A symbol of authority in ancient Rome, it represented absolute, unbreakable...
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Fascism
Book article from: A Dictionary of Contemporary World History
...Fascism A totalitarian ideology which is opposed to Communism , liberalism , and democracy. The term was derived from the Latin fasces , a bundle of rods with a projecting axe which was the insignia of consular authority in ancient Rome. It was first used by...
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