navigation satellite
navigation satellite artificial satellite designed expressly to aid the navigation of sea and air traffic. Early navigation satellites, from the Transit series launched in 1960 to the U.S. navy's Navigation Satellite System, relied on the Doppler shift. Based on the shift in the satellite's frequency, a ship at sea could accurately determine its longitude and latitude. The Global Positioning System (GPS), which uses a web of 24 Navstar satellites in 12-hour orbits, employs the more accurate triangulation method to determine position. Each satellite broadcasts time and position messages continuously. Precise to within a few yards, the GPS can also be used for nonnavigation purposes, such as surveying, tracking migrating animals, and plotting the crop yields of small sections of farmland. The former Soviet Union established a Navstar-equivalent system known as the Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS). Russia's GLONASS will use the same number of satellites and orbits similar to those of Navstar when complete.
Bibliography: See T. Logsdon, Understanding the Navstar: GPS, GIS, and IVHS (1995); B. Hofmann-Wellenhoff, Global Positioning System: Theory and Practice (1997).
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Tropic Networks Proposes Corporate Reorganization.
Business Wire; 12/13/2005; 700+ words
; OTTAWA -- Tropic Networks Inc. ("Tropic"), a developer of Wavelength Tracker powered metro regional...technology assets and business into a new company to be renamed Tropic Networks ("Newco"). After the transfer of Tropic's technology...
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Tropic Networks Inc. Strengthens Leadership with New Chairman: David Orr Brings Sector and Partnership Experience to Tropic.
News Wire article from: Canadian Corporate News; 11/3/2005; 700+ words
; ...2005 (CCNMatthews via COMTEX) -- Tropic Networks Inc., a developer of Wavelength...announced today that Mr. David Orr has joined Tropic Networks as Executive Chairman. Effective immediately, Mr. Orr will work with the Tropic Networks Board of Directors and senior...
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Tropic Networks Receives $15 Million in Capital Financing; Loan To Help Drive Tropic's Product Development and Support Customer Acquisition Activities.
News Wire article from: Canadian Corporate News; 9/5/2001; 700+ words
; OTTAWA, ONTARIO, SEPTEMBER 5, 2001 Tropic Networks Inc., a ground-breaking company...financing. The capital financing follows Tropic's successful second venture capital...Corporation provided the financing and join Tropic's list of premier investors. "Tropic...
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Tropic Networks Receives $10 Million in Capital Financing; Loan to Help Drive Tropic's Product Development and Support Customer Acquisition Activities.
Business Wire; 9/5/2001; 700+ words
; ...BUSINESS WIRE)--Sept. 5, 2001 Tropic Networks Inc., a ground-breaking company...financing. The capital financing follows Tropic's successful second venture capital...Corporation provided the financing and join Tropic's list of premier investors. "Tropic...
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Tropic Networks Up and Running At Speed of Light: Optical Networking Startup to Create Network Level Optical Systems.
Business Wire; 7/13/2000; 700+ words
; ...BUSINESS WIRE)--July 13, 2000 Tropic Networks Inc. today announced the launch...growing optical networking market. Tropic, a company created to satisfy the growing...metropolitan networks," said Kevin Rankin, Tropic Networks president and CEO. "As Internet...
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Tropic Networks Secures $60 Million Investment.
Business Wire; 2/27/2001; 700+ words
; ...community," said Kevin Rankin, Tropic's chairman and CEO. "The...a tremendous testimonial to Tropic Networks' unique market position...Kodiak Ventures strengthens Tropics' drive and ability to become...network solutions." About Tropic Networks Tropic Networks is...
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Tropic Networks Names David Grimes Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing.
Business Wire; 8/27/2001; 700+ words
; ...2001 Esteemed Industry Veteran Will Lead Tropic's Strategic Worldwide Sales and Marketing...for Optical Packet Networking Systems Tropic Networks Inc., a ground-breaking company...sales and marketing. Grimes will lead Tropic's strategic worldwide sales and marketing...
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Tropics are both cradle and museum of biodiversity on Earth
News Wire article from: The Hindustan Times; 10/6/2006; 679 words
; ...Oct 6 -- A new study has shown that the tropics are the source of a majority of the Earth...other bivalve mollusks, originated in the tropics and spread outward toward the poles...These species are spilling out of the tropics and increasing the diversity in temperate...
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TROPICS ARE SOURCE OF MUCH OF WORLD'S BIODIVERSITY
News Wire article from: US Fed News Service, Including US State News; 10/5/2006; 700+ words
; ...issued the following press release: The tropics are the source of a majority of the planet...of today's genera originated in the tropics and spread outward toward the poles...there a greater diversity of life in the tropics both in the oceans and on land than at...
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Enron and Anschutz Invest in Tropic Networks; Leading Communications Provider and Investment Company Subscribe to Tropic Networks' Optical Packet Networking Vision.
Business Wire; 7/10/2001; 700+ words
; ...BUSINESS WIRE)--July 10, 2001 Tropic Networks Inc., a ground-breaking company...Investment Company were key investors in Tropic's previously announced $60 million...and Anschutz are votes of confidence for Tropic's optical packet networking vision...
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tropics
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
tropics also called tropical zone or torrid zone...water of the earth situated between the Tropic of Cancer at lat. 23 1/2 °N and...1/2 °S. Every point within the tropics receives the perpendicular rays of the sun...
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tropic
Book article from: The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable
tropic the parallel of latitude 23°26′ north ( tropic of Cancer ) or south ( tropic of Capricorn ) of the equator; the tropics is the name given to the region between the tropics...
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Tropic of Cancer
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Tropic of Cancer parallel of latitude...the northern boundary of the tropics . This parallel marks the farthest...vertical position over the Tropic of Cancer at about June 22...Northern Hemisphere. When the Tropic of Cancer was named, the sun...
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Tropic of Capricorn
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Tropic of Capricorn parallel of latitude at 23...equator; it is the southern boundary of the tropics . This parallel marks the farthest point...sun reaches its vertical position over the Tropic of Capricorn at about Dec. 22, the summer...
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Cancer, Tropic of
Book article from: World Encyclopedia
Cancer, Tropic of Line of latitude, c. 23.5°...Equator, which marks the n boundary of the tropics. It indicates the farthest n position...at noon. The Sun is vertical over the Tropic of Cancer on about June 21, the summer...
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