luxury tax
luxury tax levy on articles that are not essential to a normal standard of living. Such taxes may be imposed strictly for revenue purposes or they may be intended to discourage consumption of certain articles, e.g., the tax on French lawns and laces in the 18th cent. in England. In modern times such "conventional necessities" as alcohol, tobacco, jewelry, furs, amusements, private automobiles, and candy have been taxed. In the United States, luxury taxes have been levied frequently, especially in wartime, to raise revenue as well as to discourage the flow of essential resources into the production of items not related to the national effort.
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Boron.(Monograph)
Magazine article from: Alternative Medicine Review; 12/1/2004; 700+ words
; Introduction Elemental boron was first isolated in 1808. Although...from animal and human studies suggest boron may be important for mineral metabolism...osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Daily intake of boron is dependent on its concentration in water...
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Boron Supplementation for Low Bone Density and Osteoarthritis.
Newspaper article from: Alternative Medicine Alert; 2/1/2002; 700+ words
; Boron Supplementation for Low Bone Density and Osteoarthritis By Sharon L...another choice: Should she buy calcium supplements with or without boron? In nature, boron is found in fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts. Boron also presents...
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Boron
Magazine article from: Mining Engineering; 6/1/2003; ; 700+ words
; ...today. However, discovery continues for new uses of boron. Boron is the fifth element on the Periodic Table. It is never...States remains the world's largest producer of refined boron compounds. Turkey remains the largest boron producer...
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Boron stimulates yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) growth
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 12/1/1999; ; 700+ words
; ...review completed 7 July 1999.) ABSTRACT Boron is required for the growth of vascular...development in fish. The molecular basis of boron's essentiality, however, remains unknown...model for the evaluation of intracellular boron trafficking. Three experiments were conducted...
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Boron stimulates embryonic trout growth
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 12/1/1998; ; 700+ words
; Boron Stimulates Embryonic Trout Growth1,2,3 ABSTRACT Boron is present in our soil, water and air. Cyanobacteria...formation of cell walls and membranes. I report here how boron affects the growth of embryonic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus...
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Boron-Resources Getting Short in China
Magazine article from: China Chemical Reporter; 4/16/1997; 700+ words
; According to relevant data. China's boron resources available for industrial development...future. The constant development of the boron chemical industry will bring about an increasing demand of boron products. Boron ore, boric acid and borax...
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Boron may combat the loss of calcium
Newspaper article from: Chicago Sun-Times; 1/21/1988; ; 700+ words
; ...estrogen therapy is safe in the long run. Now boron, courtesy of Mother Nature, is being...therapy. Boric acid, borax and other boron compounds long have been used to make industrial...In the plant world, small amounts of boron are found in certain fruits and vegetables...
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Dietary boron and erythritol affect reproduction and fetal development in rats. (Professional Communications).(Brief Article)
Magazine article from: Proceedings of the North Dakota Academy of Science; 4/1/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...indicates that physiologic amounts of dietary boron (B) affect reproductive function and...delayed growth when parents were fed a low boron diet. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the role of dietary boron in reproduction and development in rats...
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Boron Concentrations in Milk from Mothers of Exclusively Breast-Fed Healthy Full-Term Infants Are Stable during the First Four Months of Lactation1,2
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 10/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT Because boron is a bioactive element that satisfies several...present work was to determine the profile of boron metabolism in human milk during the first 4 mo of lactation. The concentration of boron and other minerals was determined in archived...
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Dietary boron decreases peak pancreatic in situ insulin release in chicks and plasma insulin concentrations in rats regardless of vitamin D or magnesium status1-3
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 11/1/2003; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT Because dietary boron deprivation induces hyperinsulinemia...deprived rats, the influence of dietary boron on insulin metabolism as modified by...0 mg Mg/kg) was supplemented with boron (as orthoboric acid) to contain <...
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Boron
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Boron Description Boron is a trace mineral that has gained popularity in recent years due to...team with proteins to facilitate important chemical reactions. While boron is considered essential for plants, it is not known if the mineral...
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Boron (revised)
Book article from: Chemical Elements: From Carbon to Krypton
BORON (REVISED) Note: This article, originally...in 2006 for the eBook edition. Overview Boron is the first element in Group 13 (IIIA...usually referred to as the aluminum family. Boron is quite different from other members of...
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boron
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
boron [New Gr. from borax ], chemical element...gr. 2.3 at 25°C; valence +3. Boron is a nonmetallic element existing as a dark...and two rhombohedral forms of crystalline boron are known. The chemistry of boron more closely...
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Boron, LePore & Associates, Inc.
Book article from: International Directory of Company Histories
Boron, LePore & Associates, Inc. 1800...561499 All Other Business Support Services Boron, LePore & Associates, Inc., now...incorporated in New Jersey in 1981 by Thomas S. Boron as a boutique marketing research firm for...
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Periodic Table of the Elements: Boron
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Periodic Table of the Elements: Boron Periodic Table of the Elements: Boron Atomic Number: 5 Atomic Symbol: B Boron Atomic Weight: 10.81 Electron Configuration: 2 · 3
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