gametophyte
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | Date: 2008
gametophyte , phase of plant life cycles in which the gametes, i.e., egg and sperm, are produced. The gametophyte is haploid, that is, each cell contains a single complete set of chromosomes, and arises from the germination of a haploid spore. In many lower plants, the gametophyte phase is the dominant plant form; for example, the familiar mosses are the gametophyte form of the plants. The alternate phase of the plant life cycle is the sporophyte, the diploid plant form, with each cell containing two complete sets of chromosomes. For example, in mosses the sporophyte is a capsule atop a slender stalk that grows out of the top of the gametophyte. The sporophyte develops from the union of two gametes, such as an egg fertilized by a sperm; in turn, the sporophyte forms spores that develop into gametophytes. The alternation between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte phases, known as alternation of generations, occurs in all multicellular plants. As plants advanced in evolutionary development, the sporophyte became the increasingly dominant plant form and the gametophyte form has been correspondingly reduced. In contrast to mosses, for example, in the advanced angiosperms the male and female gametophytes are reduced to three-celled and seven-celled structures, respectively, found within the reproductive organs of the familiar flowering plant (the sporophyte). See also fertilization ; reproduction .
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2008
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press
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Gametophyte A gametophyte, or gamete-bearing plant, is one of the two multicellular phases that occur in alternation of generations. The gametophyte is the haploid phase; that is, its cells contain only one set of ...
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... The alternate, nonsexual phase is the sporophyte . In the gametophyte phase, male and female organs (gametangia) develop and produce ... single-celled spores , which in turn develop directly into new gametes. gametophyte gametophyte gametophyte
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... phase of the life cycle is the haploid , gametophyte generation rather than the diploid sporophyte ... and nutritionally dependent on their gametophytes, and consist of only an unbranched stalk ... that will ultimately form the adult gametophyte shoots. Numerous shoots typically develop ...
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Reproduction, Alternation of Generations and
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