cyclosis
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | Date: 2008
cyclosis , streaming of cytoplasm within a living cell without deformation of the external cell membrane. In some plant cells there is a rapid rotatory cytoplasmic movement, which is limited to the peripheral parts of the cell next to the cell wall; chloroplasts and granules move in this stream. This movement may be increased by light, and is dependent on temperature and p H. Auxins, or growth hormones, may also increase the rate of movement. Specialized cell components, microtubules, may direct the flow or may serve as a framework upon which the streaming occurs. Examples of cells in which cyclosis can be seen are the leaf cells of small aquatic plants, such as Elodea, and root hair cells of many plants. In some protozoans , e.g., the ciliates, slower cyclotic movements transport digestive vacuoles through the cell body.
Author not available, CYCLOSIS.,
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2008
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press
Related newspaper, magazine, and journal articles from HighBeam Research
|
A Novel Screening Method for Cell Wall Mutants in Aspergillus niger Identifies UDP-Galactopyranose Mutase as an Important Protein in Fungal Cell Wall Biosynthesis
Genetics; 2/1/2008; Damveld, Robbert A; Franken, Angelique; Arentshorst, Mark; Punt, Peter J; Klis, Frans M; Ram, Arthur F J; 7094 words
; ABSTRACT To identify cell wall biosynthetic genes in filamentous fungi and thus potential targets for the discovery of new antifungals, we developed a novel screening method for cell wall mutants. It is based on our earlier observation that the Aspergillus niger agsA gene, which encodes a putative
Read more
|
|
Plasma membrane-cell wall contacts
Plant Physiology; 9/1/2000; Kohorn, Bruce D; 5891 words
; Plasma Membrane-Cell Wall Contacts1 Developmental Cellular and Molecular Biology, B353 Levine Science Research Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 In the simplest sense, cell walls are a carbohydrate and protein structures that surround and separate cells. Perhaps the most
Read more
|
|
|
Cell Wall Polysaccharides Are Specifically Involved in the Exclusion of Aluminum from the Rice Root Apex1
Plant Physiology; 2/1/2008; Yang, Jian Li; Li, Ya Ying; Zhang, Yue Jiao; Zhang, Shan Shan; Wu, Yun Rong; Wu, Ping; Zheng, Shao Jian; 6706 words
; Rice (Oryza sativa) is the most aluminum (Al)-resistant crop species among the small-grain cereals, but the mechanisms responsible for this trait are still unclear. Using two rice cultivars differing in Al resistance, rice sp. japonica 'Nipponbare' (an Al-resistant cultivar) and rice sp. indica
Read more
|
|
The Arabidopsis Root Hair Cell Wall Formation Mutant lrx1 Is Suppressed by Mutations in the RHM1 Gene Encoding a UDP-L-Rhamnose Synthase(W)
Plant Cell; 7/1/2006; Diet, Anouck; Link, Bruce; Seifert, Georg J; Schellenberg, Barbara; Et al; 9097 words
; Cell and cell wall growth are mutually dependent processes that must be tightly coordinated and controlled. LRR-extensin1 (LRX1) of Arabidopsis thaliana is a potential regulator of cell wall development, consisting of an N-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain and a C-terminal extensin-like domain
Read more
|
|
|
Response of the Leaf Cell Wall to Desiccation in the Resurrection Plant Myrothamnus flabellifolius1
Plant Physiology; 6/1/2006; Moore, John P; Nguema-Ona, Eric; Chevalier, Laurence; Lindsey, George G; Et al; 8137 words
; The Myrothamnus flabellifolius leaf cell wall and its response to desiccation were investigated using electron microscopic, biochemical, and immunocytochemical techniques. Electron microscopy revealed desiccation-induced cell wall folding in the majority of mesophyll and epidermal cells.
Read more
|
|
Cell-wall composition of maize internodes of varying maturity.
Crop Science; 3/1/1998; Morrison, T.A. Jung, H.G. Buxton, D.R. Hatfield, R.D.; 4753 words
; Lignification of the cell wall during normal plant development is considered the primary factor limiting microbial fermentation of cell-wall polysaccharides in the rumen of cattle (Bos sp.; Jung and Deetz, 1993). Because forage crops represent the major feed resource for cattle production systems,
Read more
|
|
|
14-3-3 Proteins Are Constituents of the Insoluble Glycoprotein Framework of the Chlamydomonas Cell Wall
Plant Cell; 6/1/2003; Voigt, Jurgen; Frank, Ronald; 9838 words
; The cell wall of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii consists predominantly of Hyp-rich glycoproteins, which also occur in the extracellular matrix of multicellular green algae and higher plants. In addition to the Hyp-rich polypeptides, the insoluble glycoprotein framework of the
Read more
|
|
|
Changes in cell wall polysaccharides of green bean pods during development
Plant Physiology; 10/1/1999; Stolle-Smits, Trinette; Beekhuizen, Jan Gerard; Kok, Matthieu T C; Pijnenbury, Mary; Et al; 6055 words
; The changes in cell wall polysaccharides and selected cell wall-- modifying enzymes were studied during the development of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) pods. An overall increase of cell wall material on a dry-weight basis was observed during pod development. Major changes were detected in the
Read more
|
|
|
Cell wall alterations in the Arabidopsis emb30 mutant
Plant Cell; 11/1/2000; Shevell, Diane E; Kunkel, Tim; Chua, Nam-Hai; 6889 words
; The Arabidopsis EMB30 gene is essential for controlling the polarity of cell growth and for normal cell adhesion during seedling development. In this article, we show that emb3O mutations also affect the growth of undifferentiated plant cells and adult tissues. EMB30 possesses a Sec7 domain and,
Read more
|
|
|
The Cdc34/SCF Ubiquitination Complex Mediates Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cell Wall Integrity
Genetics; 12/1/2006; Varelas, Xaralabos; Stuart, David; Ellison, Michael J; Ptak, Christopher; 9833 words
; ABSTRACT To identify novel functions for the Cdc34/SCF ubiquitination complex, we analyzed genomewide transcriptional profiles of cdc53-1 and cdc34-2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants. This analysis revealed altered expression for several gene families, including genes involved in the regulation of
Read more
|
Related entries from encyclopedias, dictionaries, and thesauruses
|
cyclosis
A Dictionary of Zoology
cyclosis A type of cytoplasmic streaming in which the organelles circulate within the cell cytoplasm (e.g. in the passage of food vacuoles in Ciliatea ).
Read more
|