aleatory music
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | Date: 2008
aleatory music [Lat. alea =dice game], music in which elements traditionally determined by the composer are determined either by a process of random selection chosen by the composer or by the exercise of choice by the performer(s). At the compositional stage, pitches, durations, dynamics, and so forth are made functions of playing card drawings, dice throwings, or mathematical laws of chance, the latter with the possible aid of a computer. Those elements usually left to the performers' discretion include the order of execution of sections of a work, the possible exclusion of such sections, and subjective interpretation of temporal and spatial pitch relations. Also called "chance music," aleatory music has been produced in abundance since 1945 by several composers, the most notable being John Cage , Pierre Boulez , and Iannis Xenakis .
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2008
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press
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Related entries from encyclopedias, dictionaries, and thesauruses
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aleatory music
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
... Latin, alea : 'dice game') Any 20th-century music, particularly that of the 1950s and '60s, the ... of which incorporates elements of chance. In aleatory music aspects such as the ordering of a piece's sections ... but John Cage became the principal figure in aleatory; other aleatory composers ...
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aleatory
The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English
... ē; ˈal- / • adj. depending on the throw of a die or on chance; random. ∎ relating to or denoting music or other forms of art involving elements of random choice during their composition, production, or performance.
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music
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
For information on types of music see such articles as absolute music ; aleatory music ; chamber music ; church music ... music ; rock music ; serial music ; and spiritual . In addition, see entries on the music of various nations and peoples ...
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Luciano Berio
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
... 24, 1925, Oneglia, Italy—died May 27, 2003, Rome) Italian composer. He was an important innovator in electronic music, the combining of live and taped music, aleatory music, graphic notation, musical 'collage' using borrowed material, and (perhaps most significantly) in musical 'performance ...
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Karlheinz Stockhausen
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
... 1928-2007, German composer, music theorist, and teacher; his ... frequently employed serial music techniques in his works ... and proponent of electronic music , and was enormously influential ... characterized by much emphasis on free rhythms, tonal repetition ... effects. He was an adherent of ...
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