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acid anhydride

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | 2008 | Copyright

acid anhydride , chemical compound that reacts with water to form an acid (see acids and bases ). Anhydrides of inorganic acids are usually oxides of nonmetallic elements. Carbon dioxide, CO ₂ , is the anhydride of carbonic acid, H ₂ CO ₃ . Nitrogen pentoxide, N ₂ O ₅ , is the anhydride of nitric acid, HNO ₃ . Phosphorus pentoxide, P ₂ O ₅ , is the anhydride of phosphoric acid, H ₃ PO ₄ . Sulfur dioxide, SO ₂ , is the anhydride of sulfurous acid, H ₂ SO ₃ . Sulfur trioxide, SO ₃ , is the anhydride of sulfuric acid, H ₂ SO ₄ . Anhydrides of organic acids, like the acids themselves, contain the carbonyl group, CO. Organic anhydrides include acetic anhydride or ethanoic anhydride, (CH ₃ C[symbol]O) ₂ O, and benzoic anhydride, (C ₆ H ₅ C[symbol]O) ₂ O.

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"acid anhydride." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2010 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

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