Tippoo Sahib

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | 700+ words | Copyright

Tippoo Sahib or Tipu Sahib , 1749–99, Indian ruler, sultan of Mysore (1782–99); son and successor of Haidar Ali . He fought in his father's campaigns against the Marathas and the British but, after his succession, made peace with the British in 1784. His invasion (1789) of Travancore, a state under British protection, provoked war anew, and in 1792 he was defeated by a force under Lord Cornwallis composed of British, Maratha, and Hyderabad troops. He was forced to cede territory. In 1798, Tippoo formed a vague alliance with the French, which gave the British governor-general Lord Wellesley a pretext to invade Mysore in alliance with the nizam of Hyderabad. Tippoo was killed (May, 1799) defending his capital at Shrirangapattana . His kingdom was divided among the victors.

Bibliography: See M. Hasan Khan, History of Tipu Sultan (1951); biography by D. M. Forrest (1970).

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