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Simeon I

Simeon I c.863-927, ruler (893-927) and later first czar of Bulgaria. He was placed on the throne by his father, Boris I , who had returned from a monastery to depose his first son, Vladimir (reigned 889-93), for attempting to reintroduce paganism. Simeon, ambitious to conquer a vast empire, made duties levied on Bulgarian trade a pretext for attacking the Byzantine emperor Leo VI. Simeon defeated Leo but was defeated in turn by Leo's allies, the Magyars under Arpad. However, aided by the Pechenegs, he drove the Magyars into their present domain in Hungary. Simeon ravaged the Byzantine Empire, threatened Constantinople several times, and temporarily held Adrianople. He conquered most of Serbia and took (925) the title czar of the Bulgars and autocrat of the Greeks, which was approved (926) by Pope John X. Denying the supremacy of the patriarch at Constantinople, he raised the archbishop of Bulgaria to the rank of patriarch. At his capital, Preslav, Simeon held a court of unprecedented splendor. Under his rule the first Bulgarian empire attained its greatest power, and Church Slavonic literature reached its golden age. An able Greek scholar, Simeon fostered the translation of Greek works into Church Slavonic. During the reign of his son and successor, Peter, the empire was destroyed by internal dissension and foreign attacks.

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	Sakrale Grundlagen slavischer Literaturen.(Book Review) Magazine article from: The Modern Language Review; 1/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...expounds in great detail the manuscript tradition of the Church Slavonic and Latin texts presented in this volume, from the Orthodox...Moscow culture of the seventeenth century by way of Old Church Slavonic, including the adaptation of language to that of traditional... Read more
	The status of Dearr and ??earf in Old English.(Critical Essay) Magazine article from: Studia Anglica Posnaniensia: international review of English Studies; 8/6/2002; ; 700+ words ; ...Greek [theta][alpha][rho][sigma][epsilon][alpha][nu], Old Church Slavonic drbzate (cf. B&T, QED, Prokosch 1939, Reszkiewicz 1973...well off' and especially Prussian enterpo 'I need' and Old Church Slavonic trebovati 'to need' (hence Slovenian treba, Czech treba... Read more
	N. Korea warms to Orthodox.(WORLD BRIEFS)(Orthodox Committee sends North Koreans to study Orthodox liturgy)(Brief article) Magazine article from: National Catholic Reporter; 12/23/2005; 138 words ; ...Koreans to this Russian port city on the Sea of Japan to master practical skills for conducting the Orthodox liturgy in church Slavonic. The delegation includes two Korean deacons who will study liturgy at St. Nicholas's Cathedral and a music student who will... Read more
	Formal approaches to Slavic linguistics; the Stony Brook meeting; proceedings.(Brief article)(Book review) Magazine article from: Reference & Research Book News; 8/1/2008; 211 words ; ...northern Polish dialog; decomposing particles in colloquial Russian; scrambling in bilingual English-Russian acquisition; Old Church Slavonic; relative clauses in heritage Russian; the formal properties of Russian expressive suffixes; prosody and ambiguity resolution... Read more
	The common word: Recovering liturgical speech.(prayer) Newspaper article from: Cross Currents; 6/22/2002; ; 700+ words ; ...impatience with the established language of piety, whether that language was Latin, Hebrew or sixteenth-century English. (Church Slavonic, surviving the duress of Soviet repression, did not sink so far in its speakers' esteem.) The Western liturgies had come... Read more
	Language and Society in Post-Communist Europe.(Review)(Brief Article) Magazine article from: The Modern Language Review; 4/1/2001; ; 476 words ; ...include foreign, especially English, loanwords, calques and occasionally even syntax; slang (including criminal slang) and Church Slavonic. By contrast, Alexander Krouglov suggests that democratization is not a feature of contemporary Ukrainian; indeed, the reverse... Read more
	THE MYTH OF AN ORTHODOX BLOCK. Magazine article from: Contemporary Review; 6/1/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...which was a mix of Greek, Latin and Hebrew letters. They translated the old Greek texts into their new language, known as Church Slavonic, and, blessed by both the Pope and the Patriarch, they embarked on their first mission to Central Europe to evangelise the... Read more
	Simeon Polockii. Vertograd mnogocvetnyi.(Review) Magazine article from: The Modern Language Review; 10/1/2000; ; 649 words ; ...own miscellaneous meditations, the Vertograd turns out to be derived mainly from Latin prose texts reworked by Simeon into Church Slavonic syllabic verse. In one respect Simeon is fortunate that an editio princeps of the Vertograd has been so long delayed. The... Read more
	Same-Sex Unions in Premodern Europe. Magazine article from: National Review; 8/29/1994; ; 700+ words ; ...the most risible elements in the earlier book were to be found.) The focus is on a clutch of manuscripts in Greek and Old Church Slavonic presenting a liturgical ceremony for what Mr. Boswell translates as same-sex union. He justifies the phrase as the most... Read more
	Russia and Western Civilization: Cultural and Historical Encounters.(Book review) Magazine article from: The Modern Language Review; 7/1/2006; ; 700+ words ; ...adequate, despite its confident assertions. There is a rather high incidence of minor errors and questionable assertions. Old Church Slavonic, for example, was not the language of 'all writing' (my emphasis) in Old Russian literature (p. 149). Boris Godunov did... Read more

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